Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile

Chilean livestock production systems have intensified over the last years, with increasing amounts of N fertilizer inputs creating the potentiality for environmental damage through N pollution of water and air, so that alternative production strategies have been developed to reduce such environmenta...

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Autores principales:	Núñez,Pedro A., Demanet,Rolando, Misselbrook,Tom H., Alfaro,Marta, Mora,María de la Luz
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA 2010
Materias:	ammonium grazing leaching nitrate NH3 volatilization
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200007
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-583920100002000072018-10-01Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern ChileNúñez,Pedro A.Demanet,RolandoMisselbrook,Tom H.Alfaro,MartaMora,María de la Luz ammonium grazing leaching nitrate NH3 volatilization Chilean livestock production systems have intensified over the last years, with increasing amounts of N fertilizer inputs creating the potentiality for environmental damage through N pollution of water and air, so that alternative production strategies have been developed to reduce such environmental impacts. This study assesses N losses under different grazing frequencies and intensities on permanent pasture (Lolium perenne L., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Dactylis glomerata L., and Trifolium repens L.) on an Andisol in Southern Chile. Four grazing strategies were evaluated: frequent-heavy (FH), frequent-light (FL), infrequent-heavy (IH), infrequent-light (IL), and a no grazing control (C) treatment, and each with three replicates in a randomized complete block design. Results of the experiment indicate that N leaching losses were greater in the FH treatment (58.7 kg available N ha-1; p < 0.05) and with most of the leaching occurring in spring (39%). On average, N ammonia (NH3) losses were 10% greater in the frequent grazing treatments in relation to the infrequent grazing treatments, since there were no significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among individual grazing events for FH, FL and IH. Results indicate that grazing frequency affects leaching losses while grazing intensity affects ammonia emissions from the grassland. Grazing with dairy cows in Southern Chile should consider this environmental constraint to ensure sustainable production over time.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAChilean journal of agricultural research v.70 n.2 20102010-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200007en10.4067/S0718-58392010000200007
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	ammonium grazing leaching nitrate NH3 volatilization
spellingShingle	ammonium grazing leaching nitrate NH3 volatilization Núñez,Pedro A. Demanet,Rolando Misselbrook,Tom H. Alfaro,Marta Mora,María de la Luz Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile
description	Chilean livestock production systems have intensified over the last years, with increasing amounts of N fertilizer inputs creating the potentiality for environmental damage through N pollution of water and air, so that alternative production strategies have been developed to reduce such environmental impacts. This study assesses N losses under different grazing frequencies and intensities on permanent pasture (Lolium perenne L., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Dactylis glomerata L., and Trifolium repens L.) on an Andisol in Southern Chile. Four grazing strategies were evaluated: frequent-heavy (FH), frequent-light (FL), infrequent-heavy (IH), infrequent-light (IL), and a no grazing control (C) treatment, and each with three replicates in a randomized complete block design. Results of the experiment indicate that N leaching losses were greater in the FH treatment (58.7 kg available N ha-1; p < 0.05) and with most of the leaching occurring in spring (39%). On average, N ammonia (NH3) losses were 10% greater in the frequent grazing treatments in relation to the infrequent grazing treatments, since there were no significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among individual grazing events for FH, FL and IH. Results indicate that grazing frequency affects leaching losses while grazing intensity affects ammonia emissions from the grassland. Grazing with dairy cows in Southern Chile should consider this environmental constraint to ensure sustainable production over time.
author	Núñez,Pedro A. Demanet,Rolando Misselbrook,Tom H. Alfaro,Marta Mora,María de la Luz
author_facet	Núñez,Pedro A. Demanet,Rolando Misselbrook,Tom H. Alfaro,Marta Mora,María de la Luz
author_sort	Núñez,Pedro A.
title	Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile
title_short	Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile
title_full	Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile
title_fullStr	Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile
title_full_unstemmed	Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile
title_sort	nitrogen losses under different cattle grazing frequencies and intensities in a volcanic soil of southern chile
publisher	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
publishDate	2010
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200007
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Nitrogen Losses under Different Cattle Grazing Frequencies and Intensities in a Volcanic Soil of Southern Chile

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