Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management

The intensive use of agricultural soils reveals the massive application of agrochemicals. There is no follow-up of the presence of pesticide residues in soil or their toxic effects on organisms that are beneficial for agrosystems, such as earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris L.) The objective of this st...

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Autores principales:	Araneda,Ana D, Undurraga,Pablo, Lopez,Daniela, Saez,Katia, Barra,Ricardo
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA 2016
Materias:	Carboxylesterase conventional management earthworm Lumbricus terrestris organic management pesticide
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392016000300014
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-583920160003000142018-10-01Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic managementAraneda,Ana DUndurraga,PabloLopez,DanielaSaez,KatiaBarra,Ricardo Carboxylesterase conventional management earthworm Lumbricus terrestris organic management pesticide The intensive use of agricultural soils reveals the massive application of agrochemicals. There is no follow-up of the presence of pesticide residues in soil or their toxic effects on organisms that are beneficial for agrosystems, such as earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris L.) The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pesticides used in horticultural orchards on earthworms, and the use of earthworms as an indicator through carboxylesterase (CbE) activity, which is an enzyme involved in the detoxification metabolism of organophosphorus, carbamates, and pyrethroids. Eight individuals were place in each polyethylene container and the container were buried under the soil surface in two apple orchards, one under organic management and the other under conventional management. The experiment was carried out in triplicate. A control treatment was conducted in the laboratory. The experiment was repeated in autumn, winter, spring, and summer of the 2014-2015 study period. Three internal gut tissues of the earthworm were measured for CbE activity in the laboratory. Results showed higher CbE activity in the crop-gizzard of the control treatment with 14.22 ± 1.00 μmol min-1 mg-1 in winter; the lowest activity was recorded in soil under conventional management in summer with 6.15 ± 2.77 μmol min-1 mg-1 (p ≤ 0.05). There was a seasonal difference in enzymatic activity that was higher in winter and autumn with 14.22 and 13.93 μmol min-1 mg-1, respectively, and lower in summer and spring with 6.15 and 6.31 μmol min-1 mg-1 (p ≤ 0.05), respectively; enzymatic activity was associated with higher pesticide application. It can be concluded that CbE activity is sensitive to the inhibitory action of pesticides and can therefore be used as a biological indicator of agrochemicals.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAChilean journal of agricultural research v.76 n.3 20162016-09-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392016000300014en10.4067/S0718-58392016000300014
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Carboxylesterase conventional management earthworm Lumbricus terrestris organic management pesticide
spellingShingle	Carboxylesterase conventional management earthworm Lumbricus terrestris organic management pesticide Araneda,Ana D Undurraga,Pablo Lopez,Daniela Saez,Katia Barra,Ricardo Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
description	The intensive use of agricultural soils reveals the massive application of agrochemicals. There is no follow-up of the presence of pesticide residues in soil or their toxic effects on organisms that are beneficial for agrosystems, such as earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris L.) The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pesticides used in horticultural orchards on earthworms, and the use of earthworms as an indicator through carboxylesterase (CbE) activity, which is an enzyme involved in the detoxification metabolism of organophosphorus, carbamates, and pyrethroids. Eight individuals were place in each polyethylene container and the container were buried under the soil surface in two apple orchards, one under organic management and the other under conventional management. The experiment was carried out in triplicate. A control treatment was conducted in the laboratory. The experiment was repeated in autumn, winter, spring, and summer of the 2014-2015 study period. Three internal gut tissues of the earthworm were measured for CbE activity in the laboratory. Results showed higher CbE activity in the crop-gizzard of the control treatment with 14.22 ± 1.00 μmol min-1 mg-1 in winter; the lowest activity was recorded in soil under conventional management in summer with 6.15 ± 2.77 μmol min-1 mg-1 (p ≤ 0.05). There was a seasonal difference in enzymatic activity that was higher in winter and autumn with 14.22 and 13.93 μmol min-1 mg-1, respectively, and lower in summer and spring with 6.15 and 6.31 μmol min-1 mg-1 (p ≤ 0.05), respectively; enzymatic activity was associated with higher pesticide application. It can be concluded that CbE activity is sensitive to the inhibitory action of pesticides and can therefore be used as a biological indicator of agrochemicals.
author	Araneda,Ana D Undurraga,Pablo Lopez,Daniela Saez,Katia Barra,Ricardo
author_facet	Araneda,Ana D Undurraga,Pablo Lopez,Daniela Saez,Katia Barra,Ricardo
author_sort	Araneda,Ana D
title	Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
title_short	Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
title_full	Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
title_fullStr	Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
title_full_unstemmed	Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
title_sort	use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management
publisher	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
publishDate	2016
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392016000300014
work_keys_str_mv	AT aranedaanad useofearthwormsasapesticideexposureindicatorinsoilsunderconventionalandorganicmanagement AT undurragapablo useofearthwormsasapesticideexposureindicatorinsoilsunderconventionalandorganicmanagement AT lopezdaniela useofearthwormsasapesticideexposureindicatorinsoilsunderconventionalandorganicmanagement AT saezkatia useofearthwormsasapesticideexposureindicatorinsoilsunderconventionalandorganicmanagement AT barraricardo useofearthwormsasapesticideexposureindicatorinsoilsunderconventionalandorganicmanagement
_version_	1714205362534481920

Use of earthworms as a pesticide exposure indicator in soils under conventional and organic management

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