Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets

ABSTRACT Sunburn in apples is caused by excessive solar radiation and high temperatures. Shade netting is used to control sun damage in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. The physiological aspects of the effectiveness of this technique have not yet been fully understood. The objective was to s...

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Autores principales:	Olivares-Soto,Héctor, Bastías,Richard M.
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA 2018
Materias:	Sun damage shade netting fruit skin photo-inhibition Malus domestica
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392018000100126
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-583920180001001262018-04-25Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade netsOlivares-Soto,HéctorBastías,Richard M. Sun damage shade netting fruit skin photo-inhibition Malus domestica ABSTRACT Sunburn in apples is caused by excessive solar radiation and high temperatures. Shade netting is used to control sun damage in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. The physiological aspects of the effectiveness of this technique have not yet been fully understood. The objective was to study the variation in chlorophyll fluorescence in apples exposed to environmental conditions of radiation and temperature under netting, to better understand the physiological aspects in the effectiveness of this technique to control sun damage. From 50 and up to 150 d after flowering (DAF), maximum photochemical quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), incidence of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, µmol m-2 s-1), and fruit surface temperature (FST, °C) were evaluated in netted and non-netted ‘Fuji’ and ‘Gala’ apple orchards with 20% shade netting, as well as at harvest in fruit picked from the tree. Netting reduced sunburn by 9% for ‘Gala’ and 5% for ‘Fuji’. For ‘Gala’, netting reduced FST from 2 to 5 °C and 2 to 3 °C for ‘Fuji’ compared to the control (P < 0.05). The PAR decreased by 27% for ‘Gala’ and 22% for ‘Fuji’ compared to the control (P < 0.05). The mean value of Fv/Fm was 12% in ‘Gala’ and 3% in ‘Fuji’ lower than under netting. This difference in Fv/Fm was maintained in fruit picked from the tree and was 13% in ‘Gala’ and 8% in ‘Fuji’. The effectiveness of nets as a measure to control sun damage in apples is related to the ability of this technique to reduce the photo-inhibition process on the fruit skin.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAChilean journal of agricultural research v.78 n.1 20182018-03-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392018000100126en10.4067/S0718-58392018000100126
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Sun damage shade netting fruit skin photo-inhibition Malus domestica
spellingShingle	Sun damage shade netting fruit skin photo-inhibition Malus domestica Olivares-Soto,Héctor Bastías,Richard M. Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
description	ABSTRACT Sunburn in apples is caused by excessive solar radiation and high temperatures. Shade netting is used to control sun damage in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. The physiological aspects of the effectiveness of this technique have not yet been fully understood. The objective was to study the variation in chlorophyll fluorescence in apples exposed to environmental conditions of radiation and temperature under netting, to better understand the physiological aspects in the effectiveness of this technique to control sun damage. From 50 and up to 150 d after flowering (DAF), maximum photochemical quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), incidence of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, µmol m-2 s-1), and fruit surface temperature (FST, °C) were evaluated in netted and non-netted ‘Fuji’ and ‘Gala’ apple orchards with 20% shade netting, as well as at harvest in fruit picked from the tree. Netting reduced sunburn by 9% for ‘Gala’ and 5% for ‘Fuji’. For ‘Gala’, netting reduced FST from 2 to 5 °C and 2 to 3 °C for ‘Fuji’ compared to the control (P < 0.05). The PAR decreased by 27% for ‘Gala’ and 22% for ‘Fuji’ compared to the control (P < 0.05). The mean value of Fv/Fm was 12% in ‘Gala’ and 3% in ‘Fuji’ lower than under netting. This difference in Fv/Fm was maintained in fruit picked from the tree and was 13% in ‘Gala’ and 8% in ‘Fuji’. The effectiveness of nets as a measure to control sun damage in apples is related to the ability of this technique to reduce the photo-inhibition process on the fruit skin.
author	Olivares-Soto,Héctor Bastías,Richard M.
author_facet	Olivares-Soto,Héctor Bastías,Richard M.
author_sort	Olivares-Soto,Héctor
title	Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
title_short	Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
title_full	Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
title_fullStr	Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
title_full_unstemmed	Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
title_sort	photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets
publisher	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
publishDate	2018
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392018000100126
work_keys_str_mv	AT olivaressotohector photosyntheticefficiencyofapplesunderprotectedshadenets AT bastiasrichardm photosyntheticefficiencyofapplesunderprotectedshadenets
_version_	1714205376554991616

Photosynthetic efficiency of apples under protected shade nets

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