Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties

ABSTRACT Xylem vessels are responsible for conducting water, in a metastable state, to the transpiring leaves. As tension increases, hydraulic failure may occur. At any given tension, the resistance of the xylem vessels to cavitation depends on their morphology, of which vessels diameter has been po...

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Autores principales:	Quintana-Pulido,Constanza, Villalobos-González,Luis, Muñoz,Mariana, Franck,Nicolás, Pastenes,Claudio
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA 2018
Materias:	Grapevines PLC50 specific theoretical hydraulic conductivity Vitis vinifera xylem morphology.
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392018000300419
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-583920180003004192018-11-14Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varietiesQuintana-Pulido,ConstanzaVillalobos-González,LuisMuñoz,MarianaFranck,NicolásPastenes,Claudio Grapevines PLC50 specific theoretical hydraulic conductivity Vitis vinifera xylem morphology. ABSTRACT Xylem vessels are responsible for conducting water, in a metastable state, to the transpiring leaves. As tension increases, hydraulic failure may occur. At any given tension, the resistance of the xylem vessels to cavitation depends on their morphology, of which vessels diameter has been pointed out as relevant. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) are often cultivated in Mediterranean climates and mostly under controlled water déficit conditions. Besides, a high variability in the stomatal sensitivity exists in different varieties. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' (CS) is recognized as isohydric, 'Syrah' (S) as anisohydric, and no clear information exist for 'Carménère' (C), an important grapevine variety for the Chilean wine industry. In the present study, xylem morpho-anatomical traits from stems in CS, S, and C, growing in a single vineyard, were analyzed, inferring their specific theoretical hydraulic conductivity. Also, the maximal hydraulic conductivity and vulnerability to cavitation, the latter expressed as the xylem water potential reducing a 50% loss in hydraulic conductivity (PLC50) were assessed in stems collected from the field. Higher vessels diameter was found in S and C, followed by CS, in general ranging from 21 to 120 Lim, resulting in an expected proportional theoretical hydraulic conductivity of nearly 40 to 43 kg s-1 m-1 MPa-1 in C and S, and merely 23 kg s-1 m-1 MPa-1 in C. This values were similar -but not proportionally- to maximal actual hydraulic conductivity measured in stems with median values, in average, of 28, 17, and 13 kg s-1 m-1 MPa-1 in S, C, and CS, respectively. Even though wider xylem vessels have been correlated with higher xylem vulnerability to cavitation, PLC50 was significantly higher in S (-2.3 MPa) compared to C (-1.1 MPa), and even though xylem vessels diameter were similar between S and C, C was as vulnerable as CS. We found no such tradeoff between hydraulic efficiency and vulnerability.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAChilean journal of agricultural research v.78 n.3 20182018-09-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392018000300419en10.4067/S0718-58392018000300419
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Grapevines PLC50 specific theoretical hydraulic conductivity Vitis vinifera xylem morphology.
spellingShingle	Grapevines PLC50 specific theoretical hydraulic conductivity Vitis vinifera xylem morphology. Quintana-Pulido,Constanza Villalobos-González,Luis Muñoz,Mariana Franck,Nicolás Pastenes,Claudio Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
description	ABSTRACT Xylem vessels are responsible for conducting water, in a metastable state, to the transpiring leaves. As tension increases, hydraulic failure may occur. At any given tension, the resistance of the xylem vessels to cavitation depends on their morphology, of which vessels diameter has been pointed out as relevant. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) are often cultivated in Mediterranean climates and mostly under controlled water déficit conditions. Besides, a high variability in the stomatal sensitivity exists in different varieties. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' (CS) is recognized as isohydric, 'Syrah' (S) as anisohydric, and no clear information exist for 'Carménère' (C), an important grapevine variety for the Chilean wine industry. In the present study, xylem morpho-anatomical traits from stems in CS, S, and C, growing in a single vineyard, were analyzed, inferring their specific theoretical hydraulic conductivity. Also, the maximal hydraulic conductivity and vulnerability to cavitation, the latter expressed as the xylem water potential reducing a 50% loss in hydraulic conductivity (PLC50) were assessed in stems collected from the field. Higher vessels diameter was found in S and C, followed by CS, in general ranging from 21 to 120 Lim, resulting in an expected proportional theoretical hydraulic conductivity of nearly 40 to 43 kg s-1 m-1 MPa-1 in C and S, and merely 23 kg s-1 m-1 MPa-1 in C. This values were similar -but not proportionally- to maximal actual hydraulic conductivity measured in stems with median values, in average, of 28, 17, and 13 kg s-1 m-1 MPa-1 in S, C, and CS, respectively. Even though wider xylem vessels have been correlated with higher xylem vulnerability to cavitation, PLC50 was significantly higher in S (-2.3 MPa) compared to C (-1.1 MPa), and even though xylem vessels diameter were similar between S and C, C was as vulnerable as CS. We found no such tradeoff between hydraulic efficiency and vulnerability.
author	Quintana-Pulido,Constanza Villalobos-González,Luis Muñoz,Mariana Franck,Nicolás Pastenes,Claudio
author_facet	Quintana-Pulido,Constanza Villalobos-González,Luis Muñoz,Mariana Franck,Nicolás Pastenes,Claudio
author_sort	Quintana-Pulido,Constanza
title	Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
title_short	Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
title_full	Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
title_fullStr	Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
title_full_unstemmed	Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
title_sort	xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties
publisher	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
publishDate	2018
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392018000300419
work_keys_str_mv	AT quintanapulidoconstanza xylemstructureandfunctioninthreegrapevinevarieties AT villalobosgonzalezluis xylemstructureandfunctioninthreegrapevinevarieties AT munozmariana xylemstructureandfunctioninthreegrapevinevarieties AT francknicolas xylemstructureandfunctioninthreegrapevinevarieties AT pastenesclaudio xylemstructureandfunctioninthreegrapevinevarieties
_version_	1714205380993613824

Xylem structure and function in three grapevine varieties

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