Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)

ABSTRACT The Salar de Antofalla (salt flat) is located in the Puna region of Catamarca, in northern Argentina. In this paper we report and provide the first descriptive data of Las Quínoas, a modern system of oncoids located in the western margin of the salt flat. Oncoids were studied by insitu logg...

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Autores principales:	Villafañe,Patricio Guillermo, Lencina,Agustina Inés, Soria,Mariana, Saona,Luis Alberto, Gómez,Fernando Javier, Alonso,Guido Ezequiel, Farías,María Eugenia
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) 2021
Materias:	Oncoid Microbialite Salt flat Holocene Catamarca
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-71062021000200281
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-710620210002002812021-07-28Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)Villafañe,Patricio GuillermoLencina,Agustina InésSoria,MarianaSaona,Luis AlbertoGómez,Fernando JavierAlonso,Guido EzequielFarías,María Eugenia Oncoid Microbialite Salt flat Holocene Catamarca ABSTRACT The Salar de Antofalla (salt flat) is located in the Puna region of Catamarca, in northern Argentina. In this paper we report and provide the first descriptive data of Las Quínoas, a modern system of oncoids located in the western margin of the salt flat. Oncoids were studied by insitu logging, polished and thin sections analysis. In addition, the 16s rRNA genes of microbial mats associated with these oncoids were amplified and sequenced to characterize the microbial biodiversity. Oncoids present discoidal to subrounded morphologies and sizes up to 15 cm in diameter. They are scattered along channels, which originate from the groundwater springs of a wetland and enter the salt flat. Its macrostructure is concentric and composed by three zones: 1. A nucleus zone built by clastic material in a carbonate matrix. 2. A well-laminated zone around the nucleus that shows two types of mesostructures: concentrically stacked spheroids (SS-C) and randomly stacked hemispheroids (SS-R), both showing an alternation of dense and dark micritic laminae with light micritic to microsparitic laminae. 3. A poorly-laminated zone, in the outermost sector of oncoids, with two types of mesostructures too: a laminated mesostructure composed also of an alternation of dense and dark micritic laminae with light micritic to microsparitic laminae, and a non-laminated mesostructure composed of agglomerated and cemented clastic material within a calcareous matrix (wackestones-packstones). Regarding the microbial diversity, the analyzed oncoids in this work are mainly inhabited by Proteobacteria (ca. 37.5%), Bacteroidetes (ca. 25.0%), and in less proportion Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessServicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN)Andean geology v.48 n.2 20212021-05-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-71062021000200281en10.5027/andgeov48n2-3292
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Oncoid Microbialite Salt flat Holocene Catamarca
spellingShingle	Oncoid Microbialite Salt flat Holocene Catamarca Villafañe,Patricio Guillermo Lencina,Agustina Inés Soria,Mariana Saona,Luis Alberto Gómez,Fernando Javier Alonso,Guido Ezequiel Farías,María Eugenia Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)
description	ABSTRACT The Salar de Antofalla (salt flat) is located in the Puna region of Catamarca, in northern Argentina. In this paper we report and provide the first descriptive data of Las Quínoas, a modern system of oncoids located in the western margin of the salt flat. Oncoids were studied by insitu logging, polished and thin sections analysis. In addition, the 16s rRNA genes of microbial mats associated with these oncoids were amplified and sequenced to characterize the microbial biodiversity. Oncoids present discoidal to subrounded morphologies and sizes up to 15 cm in diameter. They are scattered along channels, which originate from the groundwater springs of a wetland and enter the salt flat. Its macrostructure is concentric and composed by three zones: 1. A nucleus zone built by clastic material in a carbonate matrix. 2. A well-laminated zone around the nucleus that shows two types of mesostructures: concentrically stacked spheroids (SS-C) and randomly stacked hemispheroids (SS-R), both showing an alternation of dense and dark micritic laminae with light micritic to microsparitic laminae. 3. A poorly-laminated zone, in the outermost sector of oncoids, with two types of mesostructures too: a laminated mesostructure composed also of an alternation of dense and dark micritic laminae with light micritic to microsparitic laminae, and a non-laminated mesostructure composed of agglomerated and cemented clastic material within a calcareous matrix (wackestones-packstones). Regarding the microbial diversity, the analyzed oncoids in this work are mainly inhabited by Proteobacteria (ca. 37.5%), Bacteroidetes (ca. 25.0%), and in less proportion Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria.
author	Villafañe,Patricio Guillermo Lencina,Agustina Inés Soria,Mariana Saona,Luis Alberto Gómez,Fernando Javier Alonso,Guido Ezequiel Farías,María Eugenia
author_facet	Villafañe,Patricio Guillermo Lencina,Agustina Inés Soria,Mariana Saona,Luis Alberto Gómez,Fernando Javier Alonso,Guido Ezequiel Farías,María Eugenia
author_sort	Villafañe,Patricio Guillermo
title	Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)
title_short	Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)
title_full	Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)
title_fullStr	Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)
title_full_unstemmed	Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)
title_sort	las quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the salar de antofalla (catamarca, argentina)
publisher	Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN)
publishDate	2021
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-71062021000200281
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Las Quínoas oncoids: a new deposit of microbialites in the Salar de Antofalla (Catamarca, Argentina)

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