Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing

Grazing constitutes one of the most important processes of soil degradation due to compaction, and it affects both vegetation and soil in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Compaction modifies the soil structure and causes an increase in the proportion of small aggregates, which consequently leads to an...

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Autores principales:	Carrero-González,B, De La Cruz,M.T, Casermeiro,M.A
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Chilean Society of Soil Science / Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2012
Materias:	Soil compaction porosity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry grazing
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-95162012000100014
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-951620120001000142018-11-05Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazingCarrero-González,BDe La Cruz,M.TCasermeiro,M.A Soil compaction porosity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry grazing Grazing constitutes one of the most important processes of soil degradation due to compaction, and it affects both vegetation and soil in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Compaction modifies the soil structure and causes an increase in the proportion of small aggregates, which consequently leads to an increase in bulk soil density. Compaction also produces a decrease in soil organic carbon content. The soil becomes more densely packed, causing reductions in porosity and storage capacity. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to obtain a relative estimate of soil water content and porosity. The signal intensity from proton density images, which corresponds to the amount of water present in a sample, is lower in compacted soil. As calculated from the image signal intensity, the porosity percentage is also lower in grazing soils in comparison with natural recovery soils. H NMR relaxometry studies demonstrate shorter T2 and T1 relaxation times in grazing soil samples, suggesting lower pore sizes in these soils. Moreover, the grazing samples have a monomodal distribution of T1 with a narrow band, indicating greater homogeneity in the pore sizes. The bimodal distribution of T2 complements this result and indicates a greater proportion of smaller-size pores with greater homogeneity between them. There is a significant positive correlation between the porosity values determined by both methods, which demonstrates the validity of the MR technique. The relaxation times also show positive and significant correlations with analytical porosity. The application of MR techniques to soil compaction studies demonstrated the natural recovery of the physical properties of deteriorated soil after grazing damage in pastoral systems brought about by complete animal exclusion for ten years.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessChilean Society of Soil Science / Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del SueloJournal of soil science and plant nutrition v.12 n.1 20122012-01-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-95162012000100014en10.4067/S0718-95162012000100014
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Soil compaction porosity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry grazing
spellingShingle	Soil compaction porosity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry grazing Carrero-González,B De La Cruz,M.T Casermeiro,M.A Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
description	Grazing constitutes one of the most important processes of soil degradation due to compaction, and it affects both vegetation and soil in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Compaction modifies the soil structure and causes an increase in the proportion of small aggregates, which consequently leads to an increase in bulk soil density. Compaction also produces a decrease in soil organic carbon content. The soil becomes more densely packed, causing reductions in porosity and storage capacity. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to obtain a relative estimate of soil water content and porosity. The signal intensity from proton density images, which corresponds to the amount of water present in a sample, is lower in compacted soil. As calculated from the image signal intensity, the porosity percentage is also lower in grazing soils in comparison with natural recovery soils. H NMR relaxometry studies demonstrate shorter T2 and T1 relaxation times in grazing soil samples, suggesting lower pore sizes in these soils. Moreover, the grazing samples have a monomodal distribution of T1 with a narrow band, indicating greater homogeneity in the pore sizes. The bimodal distribution of T2 complements this result and indicates a greater proportion of smaller-size pores with greater homogeneity between them. There is a significant positive correlation between the porosity values determined by both methods, which demonstrates the validity of the MR technique. The relaxation times also show positive and significant correlations with analytical porosity. The application of MR techniques to soil compaction studies demonstrated the natural recovery of the physical properties of deteriorated soil after grazing damage in pastoral systems brought about by complete animal exclusion for ten years.
author	Carrero-González,B De La Cruz,M.T Casermeiro,M.A
author_facet	Carrero-González,B De La Cruz,M.T Casermeiro,M.A
author_sort	Carrero-González,B
title	Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
title_short	Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
title_full	Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
title_fullStr	Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
title_full_unstemmed	Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
title_sort	application of magnetic resonance techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing
publisher	Chilean Society of Soil Science / Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo
publishDate	2012
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-95162012000100014
work_keys_str_mv	AT carrerogonzalezb applicationofmagneticresonancetechniquestoevaluatesoilcompactionaftergrazing AT delacruzmt applicationofmagneticresonancetechniquestoevaluatesoilcompactionaftergrazing AT casermeiroma applicationofmagneticresonancetechniquestoevaluatesoilcompactionaftergrazing
_version_	1714206426236190720

Application of Magnetic Resonance Techniques to evaluate soil compaction after grazing

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