Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Increased swimming speed of Atlantic salmon is generally considered an improvement to welfare under aquaculture settings, as group structure is improved and agonistic behaviour reduced. As such, establishing fish farms in exposed areas with fast water current velocities should be favourable. However...

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Autores principales:	F Solstorm, D Solstorm, F Oppedal, RE Olsen, LH Stien, A Fernö
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Inter-Research 2016
Materias:	Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/00427637600d4fb9aa505042a4340686
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:00427637600d4fb9aa505042a43406862021-11-11T11:02:52ZNot too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar1869-215X1869-753410.3354/aei00178https://doaj.org/article/00427637600d4fb9aa505042a43406862016-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v8/p339-347/https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534Increased swimming speed of Atlantic salmon is generally considered an improvement to welfare under aquaculture settings, as group structure is improved and agonistic behaviour reduced. As such, establishing fish farms in exposed areas with fast water current velocities should be favourable. However, at some locations, velocities exceed what is known as preferable for salmonids, and this may compromise fish welfare. In this study, behaviour and fin erosion were observed on post-smolt salmon stocked at 39 kg m-3 in raceways at 3 water current velocities: fast (1.5 body lengths [BL] s-1), moderate (0.8 BL s-1) and slow (0.2 BL s-1). Movements that affect group structure and interactions between individuals varied by up to 20-fold between velocities. A behavioural change occurred directly after velocities were set. Severe fin erosion decreased over time in all groups, but new injuries increased almost 3-fold in the faster-velocity group. Our results suggest that moderate velocity is ideal from a welfare perspective. At slow velocity, higher frequency of structural movements and between-individual interactions could be stressful for the fish. At faster velocity, the fish have to focus on swimming, which could increase unintentional collisions with obstacles and other individuals and result in new fin erosion. Our results suggest that management of water currents may be an effective way of controlling behaviour and may thereby improve welfare.F SolstormD SolstormF OppedalRE OlsenLH StienA FernöInter-ResearcharticleAquaculture. Fisheries. AnglingSH1-691EcologyQH540-549.5ENAquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 8, Pp 339-347 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 F Solstorm D Solstorm F Oppedal RE Olsen LH Stien A Fernö Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
description	Increased swimming speed of Atlantic salmon is generally considered an improvement to welfare under aquaculture settings, as group structure is improved and agonistic behaviour reduced. As such, establishing fish farms in exposed areas with fast water current velocities should be favourable. However, at some locations, velocities exceed what is known as preferable for salmonids, and this may compromise fish welfare. In this study, behaviour and fin erosion were observed on post-smolt salmon stocked at 39 kg m-3 in raceways at 3 water current velocities: fast (1.5 body lengths [BL] s-1), moderate (0.8 BL s-1) and slow (0.2 BL s-1). Movements that affect group structure and interactions between individuals varied by up to 20-fold between velocities. A behavioural change occurred directly after velocities were set. Severe fin erosion decreased over time in all groups, but new injuries increased almost 3-fold in the faster-velocity group. Our results suggest that moderate velocity is ideal from a welfare perspective. At slow velocity, higher frequency of structural movements and between-individual interactions could be stressful for the fish. At faster velocity, the fish have to focus on swimming, which could increase unintentional collisions with obstacles and other individuals and result in new fin erosion. Our results suggest that management of water currents may be an effective way of controlling behaviour and may thereby improve welfare.
format	article
author	F Solstorm D Solstorm F Oppedal RE Olsen LH Stien A Fernö
author_facet	F Solstorm D Solstorm F Oppedal RE Olsen LH Stien A Fernö
author_sort	F Solstorm
title	Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_short	Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_full	Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_fullStr	Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_full_unstemmed	Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
title_sort	not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt atlantic salmon salmo salar
publisher	Inter-Research
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/00427637600d4fb9aa505042a4340686
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Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

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