Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function

ABSTRACT DNA damage-induced Rad51 focus formation is the hallmark of homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Earlier, we reported that Rad51 physically interacts with Hsp90, and under the condition of Hsp90 inhibition, it undergoes proteasomal degradation. Here, we show that the dynamic intera...

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Autores principales:	Tanvi Suhane, Vijayalakshmi Bindumadhavan, Nupur Fangaria, Achuthsankar S. Nair, Wahida Tabassum, Poorvaja Muley, Mrinal K. Bhattacharyya, Sunanda Bhattacharyya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	DNA repair Hsp90 homologous recombination Hsp90-Rad51 interaction Rad51 recruitment to chromatin molecular chaperone Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/009f715e844c4827b1572413eed3db8f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:009f715e844c4827b1572413eed3db8f2021-11-15T15:22:22ZGlu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function10.1128/mSphere.00082-192379-5042https://doaj.org/article/009f715e844c4827b1572413eed3db8f2019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00082-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT DNA damage-induced Rad51 focus formation is the hallmark of homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Earlier, we reported that Rad51 physically interacts with Hsp90, and under the condition of Hsp90 inhibition, it undergoes proteasomal degradation. Here, we show that the dynamic interaction between Rad51 and Hsp90 is crucial for the DNA damage-induced nuclear function of Rad51. Guided by a bioinformatics study, we generated a single mutant of Rad51, which resides at the N-terminal domain, outside the ATPase core domain. The mutant with an E to L change at residue 108 (Rad51E108L) was predicted to bind more strongly with Hsp90 than the wild-type (Rad51WT). A coimmunoprecipitation study demonstrated that there exists a distinct difference between the in vivo associations of Rad51WT-Hsp90 and of Rad51E108L-Hsp90. We found that upon DNA damage, the association between Rad51WT and Hsp90 was significantly reduced compared to that in the undamaged condition. However, the mutant Rad51E108L remained tightly associated with Hsp90 even after DNA damage. Consequently, the recruitment of Rad51E108L to the double-stranded broken ends was reduced significantly. The E108L-rad51 strain manifested severe sensitivity toward methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and a complete loss of gene conversion efficiency, a phenotype similar to that of the Δrad51 strain. Previously, some of the N-terminal domain mutants of Rad51 were identified in a screen for a Rad51 interaction-deficient mutant; however, our study shows that Rad51E108L is not defective either in the self-interaction or its interaction with the members of the Rad52 epistatic group. Our study thus identifies a novel mutant of Rad51 which, owing to its greater association with Hsp90, exhibits a severe DNA repair defect. IMPORTANCE Rad51-mediated homologous recombination is the major mechanism for repairing DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in cancer cells. Thus, regulating Rad51 activity could be an attractive target. The sequential assembly and disassembly of Rad51 to the broken DNA ends depend on reversible protein-protein interactions. Here, we discovered that a dynamic interaction with molecular chaperone Hsp90 is one such regulatory event that governs the recruitment of Rad51 onto the damaged DNA. We uncovered that Rad51 associates with Hsp90, and upon DNA damage, this complex dissociates to facilitate the loading of Rad51 onto broken DNA. In a mutant where such dissociation is incomplete, the occupancy of Rad51 at the broken DNA is partial, which results in inefficient DNA repair. Thus, it is reasonable to propose that any small molecule that may alter the dynamics of the Rad51-Hsp90 interaction is likely to impact DSB repair in cancer cells.Tanvi SuhaneVijayalakshmi BindumadhavanNupur FangariaAchuthsankar S. NairWahida TabassumPoorvaja MuleyMrinal K. BhattacharyyaSunanda BhattacharyyaAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleDNA repairHsp90homologous recombinationHsp90-Rad51 interactionRad51 recruitment to chromatinmolecular chaperoneMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 4, Iss 2 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	DNA repair Hsp90 homologous recombination Hsp90-Rad51 interaction Rad51 recruitment to chromatin molecular chaperone Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	DNA repair Hsp90 homologous recombination Hsp90-Rad51 interaction Rad51 recruitment to chromatin molecular chaperone Microbiology QR1-502 Tanvi Suhane Vijayalakshmi Bindumadhavan Nupur Fangaria Achuthsankar S. Nair Wahida Tabassum Poorvaja Muley Mrinal K. Bhattacharyya Sunanda Bhattacharyya Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function
description	ABSTRACT DNA damage-induced Rad51 focus formation is the hallmark of homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Earlier, we reported that Rad51 physically interacts with Hsp90, and under the condition of Hsp90 inhibition, it undergoes proteasomal degradation. Here, we show that the dynamic interaction between Rad51 and Hsp90 is crucial for the DNA damage-induced nuclear function of Rad51. Guided by a bioinformatics study, we generated a single mutant of Rad51, which resides at the N-terminal domain, outside the ATPase core domain. The mutant with an E to L change at residue 108 (Rad51E108L) was predicted to bind more strongly with Hsp90 than the wild-type (Rad51WT). A coimmunoprecipitation study demonstrated that there exists a distinct difference between the in vivo associations of Rad51WT-Hsp90 and of Rad51E108L-Hsp90. We found that upon DNA damage, the association between Rad51WT and Hsp90 was significantly reduced compared to that in the undamaged condition. However, the mutant Rad51E108L remained tightly associated with Hsp90 even after DNA damage. Consequently, the recruitment of Rad51E108L to the double-stranded broken ends was reduced significantly. The E108L-rad51 strain manifested severe sensitivity toward methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and a complete loss of gene conversion efficiency, a phenotype similar to that of the Δrad51 strain. Previously, some of the N-terminal domain mutants of Rad51 were identified in a screen for a Rad51 interaction-deficient mutant; however, our study shows that Rad51E108L is not defective either in the self-interaction or its interaction with the members of the Rad52 epistatic group. Our study thus identifies a novel mutant of Rad51 which, owing to its greater association with Hsp90, exhibits a severe DNA repair defect. IMPORTANCE Rad51-mediated homologous recombination is the major mechanism for repairing DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in cancer cells. Thus, regulating Rad51 activity could be an attractive target. The sequential assembly and disassembly of Rad51 to the broken DNA ends depend on reversible protein-protein interactions. Here, we discovered that a dynamic interaction with molecular chaperone Hsp90 is one such regulatory event that governs the recruitment of Rad51 onto the damaged DNA. We uncovered that Rad51 associates with Hsp90, and upon DNA damage, this complex dissociates to facilitate the loading of Rad51 onto broken DNA. In a mutant where such dissociation is incomplete, the occupancy of Rad51 at the broken DNA is partial, which results in inefficient DNA repair. Thus, it is reasonable to propose that any small molecule that may alter the dynamics of the Rad51-Hsp90 interaction is likely to impact DSB repair in cancer cells.
format	article
author	Tanvi Suhane Vijayalakshmi Bindumadhavan Nupur Fangaria Achuthsankar S. Nair Wahida Tabassum Poorvaja Muley Mrinal K. Bhattacharyya Sunanda Bhattacharyya
author_facet	Tanvi Suhane Vijayalakshmi Bindumadhavan Nupur Fangaria Achuthsankar S. Nair Wahida Tabassum Poorvaja Muley Mrinal K. Bhattacharyya Sunanda Bhattacharyya
author_sort	Tanvi Suhane
title	Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function
title_short	Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function
title_full	Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function
title_fullStr	Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function
title_full_unstemmed	Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function
title_sort	glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> rad51 is critical for dna damage-induced nuclear function
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/009f715e844c4827b1572413eed3db8f
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Glu-108 in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</named-content> Rad51 Is Critical for DNA Damage-Induced Nuclear Function

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