Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Abstract The aleurone is a critical component of the cereal seed and is located at the periphery of the starchy endosperm. During germination, the aleurone is responsible for releasing hydrolytic enzymes that degrade cell wall polysaccharides and starch granules, which is a key requirement for barle...

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Autores principales:	Matthew K. Aubert, Stewart Coventry, Neil J. Shirley, Natalie S. Betts, Tobias Würschum, Rachel A. Burton, Matthew R. Tucker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0374b3b95b0448de979a391009421c07
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0374b3b95b0448de979a391009421c072021-12-02T15:08:38ZDifferences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)10.1038/s41598-018-29068-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0374b3b95b0448de979a391009421c072018-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29068-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The aleurone is a critical component of the cereal seed and is located at the periphery of the starchy endosperm. During germination, the aleurone is responsible for releasing hydrolytic enzymes that degrade cell wall polysaccharides and starch granules, which is a key requirement for barley malt production. Inter- and intra-species differences in aleurone layer number have been identified in the cereals but the significance of this variation during seed development and germination remains unclear. In this study, natural variation in mature aleurone features was examined in a panel of 33 Hordeum vulgare (barley) genotypes. Differences were identified in the number of aleurone cell layers, the transverse thickness of the aleurone and the proportion of aleurone relative to starchy endosperm. In addition, variation was identified in the activity of hydrolytic enzymes that are associated with germination. Notably, activity of the free fraction of β-amylase (BMY), but not the bound fraction, was increased at grain maturity in barley varieties possessing more aleurone. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) and transcriptional profiling confirmed that HvBMY1 is the most abundant BMY gene in developing grain and accumulates in the aleurone during early stages of grain fill. The results reveal a link between molecular pathways influencing early aleurone development and increased levels of free β-amylase enzyme, potentially highlighting the aleurone as a repository of free β-amylase at grain maturity.Matthew K. AubertStewart CoventryNeil J. ShirleyNatalie S. BettsTobias WürschumRachel A. BurtonMatthew R. TuckerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Matthew K. Aubert Stewart Coventry Neil J. Shirley Natalie S. Betts Tobias Würschum Rachel A. Burton Matthew R. Tucker Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
description	Abstract The aleurone is a critical component of the cereal seed and is located at the periphery of the starchy endosperm. During germination, the aleurone is responsible for releasing hydrolytic enzymes that degrade cell wall polysaccharides and starch granules, which is a key requirement for barley malt production. Inter- and intra-species differences in aleurone layer number have been identified in the cereals but the significance of this variation during seed development and germination remains unclear. In this study, natural variation in mature aleurone features was examined in a panel of 33 Hordeum vulgare (barley) genotypes. Differences were identified in the number of aleurone cell layers, the transverse thickness of the aleurone and the proportion of aleurone relative to starchy endosperm. In addition, variation was identified in the activity of hydrolytic enzymes that are associated with germination. Notably, activity of the free fraction of β-amylase (BMY), but not the bound fraction, was increased at grain maturity in barley varieties possessing more aleurone. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) and transcriptional profiling confirmed that HvBMY1 is the most abundant BMY gene in developing grain and accumulates in the aleurone during early stages of grain fill. The results reveal a link between molecular pathways influencing early aleurone development and increased levels of free β-amylase enzyme, potentially highlighting the aleurone as a repository of free β-amylase at grain maturity.
format	article
author	Matthew K. Aubert Stewart Coventry Neil J. Shirley Natalie S. Betts Tobias Würschum Rachel A. Burton Matthew R. Tucker
author_facet	Matthew K. Aubert Stewart Coventry Neil J. Shirley Natalie S. Betts Tobias Würschum Rachel A. Burton Matthew R. Tucker
author_sort	Matthew K. Aubert
title	Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
title_short	Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
title_full	Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
title_fullStr	Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
title_full_unstemmed	Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
title_sort	differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (hordeum vulgare l.)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/0374b3b95b0448de979a391009421c07
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Differences in hydrolytic enzyme activity accompany natural variation in mature aleurone morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

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