Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy

Abstract Human respiratory syncytial virus infection is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. A previous murine study showed that during severe acute respiratory infections the virus invades the central nervous system, and that infected animals evolve with long-lasting learning diffi...

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Autores principales:	Marcela Peña, Cristina Jara, Juan C. Flores, Rodrigo Hoyos-Bachiloglu, Carolina Iturriaga, Mariana Medina, Javier Carcey, Janyra Espinoza, Karen Bohmwald, Alexis M. Kalergis, Arturo Borzutzky
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1b9cf0493f664fa6928368b42f07e390
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1b9cf0493f664fa6928368b42f07e3902021-12-02T13:56:50ZSevere respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy10.1038/s41598-020-79140-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1b9cf0493f664fa6928368b42f07e3902020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79140-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Human respiratory syncytial virus infection is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. A previous murine study showed that during severe acute respiratory infections the virus invades the central nervous system, and that infected animals evolve with long-lasting learning difficulties associated with long-term potentiation impairment in their hippocampus. We hypothesized here that human infants who presented a severe episode of respiratory syncytial virus infection before 6 months of age would develop long-term learning difficulties. We measured the acquisition of the native phoneme repertoire during the first year, a milestone in early human development, comprising a reduction in the sensitivity to the irrelevant nonnative phonetic information and an increase in the sensitivity to the information relevant for the native one. We found that infants with a history of severe respiratory infection by the human respiratory syncytial virus presented poor distinction of native and nonnative phonetic contrasts at 6 months of age, and remained atypically sensitive to nonnative contrasts at 12 months, which associated with weak communicative abilities. Our results uncover previously unknown long-term language learning difficulties associated with a single episode of severe respiratory infection by the human respiratory syncytial virus, which could relate to memory impairments.Marcela PeñaCristina JaraJuan C. FloresRodrigo Hoyos-BachilogluCarolina IturriagaMariana MedinaJavier CarceyJanyra EspinozaKaren BohmwaldAlexis M. KalergisArturo BorzutzkyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marcela Peña Cristina Jara Juan C. Flores Rodrigo Hoyos-Bachiloglu Carolina Iturriaga Mariana Medina Javier Carcey Janyra Espinoza Karen Bohmwald Alexis M. Kalergis Arturo Borzutzky Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
description	Abstract Human respiratory syncytial virus infection is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. A previous murine study showed that during severe acute respiratory infections the virus invades the central nervous system, and that infected animals evolve with long-lasting learning difficulties associated with long-term potentiation impairment in their hippocampus. We hypothesized here that human infants who presented a severe episode of respiratory syncytial virus infection before 6 months of age would develop long-term learning difficulties. We measured the acquisition of the native phoneme repertoire during the first year, a milestone in early human development, comprising a reduction in the sensitivity to the irrelevant nonnative phonetic information and an increase in the sensitivity to the information relevant for the native one. We found that infants with a history of severe respiratory infection by the human respiratory syncytial virus presented poor distinction of native and nonnative phonetic contrasts at 6 months of age, and remained atypically sensitive to nonnative contrasts at 12 months, which associated with weak communicative abilities. Our results uncover previously unknown long-term language learning difficulties associated with a single episode of severe respiratory infection by the human respiratory syncytial virus, which could relate to memory impairments.
format	article
author	Marcela Peña Cristina Jara Juan C. Flores Rodrigo Hoyos-Bachiloglu Carolina Iturriaga Mariana Medina Javier Carcey Janyra Espinoza Karen Bohmwald Alexis M. Kalergis Arturo Borzutzky
author_facet	Marcela Peña Cristina Jara Juan C. Flores Rodrigo Hoyos-Bachiloglu Carolina Iturriaga Mariana Medina Javier Carcey Janyra Espinoza Karen Bohmwald Alexis M. Kalergis Arturo Borzutzky
author_sort	Marcela Peña
title	Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
title_short	Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
title_full	Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
title_fullStr	Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
title_full_unstemmed	Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
title_sort	severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/1b9cf0493f664fa6928368b42f07e390
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Severe respiratory disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus impairs language learning during early infancy

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