Two-Stage Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) Production from Cheese Whey Using <i>Acetobacter pasteurianus</i> C1 and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. CYR1
Cheese whey (CW) can be an excellent carbon source for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-producing bacteria. Most studies have used CW, which contains high amounts of lactose, however, there are no reports using raw CW, which has a relatively low amount of lactose. Therefore, in the present study, PHA pro...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/279939e5ac96459694667548fdad60a1 |
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| Sumario: | Cheese whey (CW) can be an excellent carbon source for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-producing bacteria. Most studies have used CW, which contains high amounts of lactose, however, there are no reports using raw CW, which has a relatively low amount of lactose. Therefore, in the present study, PHA production was evaluated in a two-stage process using the CW that contains low amounts of lactose. In first stage, the carbon source existing in CW was converted into acetic acid using the bacteria, <i>Acetobacter pasteurianus</i> C1, which was isolated from food waste. In the second stage, acetic acid produced in the first stage was converted into PHA using the bacteria, <i>Bacillus</i> sp. CYR-1. Under the condition of without the pretreatment of CW, acetic acid produced from CW was diluted at different folds and used for the production of PHA. Strain CYR-1 incubated with 10-fold diluted CW containing 5.7 g/L of acetic acid showed the higher PHA production (240.6 mg/L), whereas strain CYR-1 incubated with four-fold diluted CW containing 12.3 g/L of acetic acid showed 126 mg/L of PHA. After removing the excess protein present in CW, PHA production was further enhanced by 3.26 times (411 mg/L) at a four-fold dilution containing 11.3 g/L of acetic acid. Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses, it was confirmed that the PHA produced from the two-stage process is poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). All bands appearing in the FT-IR spectrum and the chemical shifts of NMR nearly matched with those of standard PHB. Based on these studies, we concluded that a two-stage process using <i>Acetobacter pasteurianus</i> C1 and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. CYR-1 would be applicable for the production of PHB using CW containing a low amount of lactose. |
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