Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice

Jellyfish are often described as a nuisance species, but as our understanding shifts to more ecosystem-based conceptions, they are also recognized as both important components of marine ecosystems and a resource for humans. Here, we describe global jellyfish fisheries and review production, fishing...

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Autores principales:	Dori Edelist, Dror L. Angel, João Canning-Clode, Sonia K. M. Gueroun, Nicole Aberle, Jamileh Javidpour, Carlos Andrade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	jellyfish fisheries jellyfishing European Union blue growth Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f796bb133864f04958552a7f29ee1e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f796bb133864f04958552a7f29ee1e02021-11-25T19:01:07ZJellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice10.3390/su1322124452071-1050https://doaj.org/article/2f796bb133864f04958552a7f29ee1e02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12445https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Jellyfish are often described as a nuisance species, but as our understanding shifts to more ecosystem-based conceptions, they are also recognized as both important components of marine ecosystems and a resource for humans. Here, we describe global jellyfish fisheries and review production, fishing methods, and applications based on the existing literature. We then focus on future development of a European jellyfish fishery based on current and recent EU research initiatives. Jellyfish have been a staple food in East Asia for eons and now show a potential for non-food applications as well. The main fishing methods are mostly traditional, with set-nets, driftnets, hand-nets, and scoop-nets utilizing small crafts or beach-seines. All require a lot of manual labor, thus providing vital, albeit seasonal, occupation to weaker populations. Larger commercial vessels such as purse seines and trawlers are newly introduced métiers which may enable a larger catch per unit effort and total catch, but pose questions of selectivity, bycatch, vessel stability, and transshipment. Social concerns arising from the seasonality of jellyfish fisheries must be met in SE Asia, Latin America, and in any location where new fisheries are established. In the EU, we recognize at least 15 species showing potential for commercial harvesting, but as of 2021, a commercial fishery has yet to be developed; as in finfish fisheries, we advise caution and recognition of the role of jellyfish in marine ecosystems in doing so. Sustainable harvesting techniques and practices must be developed and implemented for a viable practice to emerge, and social and ecological needs must also be incorporated into the management plan. Once established, the catch, effort, and stock status must be monitored, regulated, and properly reported to FAO by countries seeking a viable jellyfish fishery. In the near future, novel applications for jellyfish will offer added value and new markets for this traditional resource.Dori EdelistDror L. AngelJoão Canning-ClodeSonia K. M. GuerounNicole AberleJamileh JavidpourCarlos AndradeMDPI AGarticlejellyfishfisheriesjellyfishingEuropean Unionblue growthEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12445, p 12445 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	jellyfish fisheries jellyfishing European Union blue growth Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	jellyfish fisheries jellyfishing European Union blue growth Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Dori Edelist Dror L. Angel João Canning-Clode Sonia K. M. Gueroun Nicole Aberle Jamileh Javidpour Carlos Andrade Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice
description	Jellyfish are often described as a nuisance species, but as our understanding shifts to more ecosystem-based conceptions, they are also recognized as both important components of marine ecosystems and a resource for humans. Here, we describe global jellyfish fisheries and review production, fishing methods, and applications based on the existing literature. We then focus on future development of a European jellyfish fishery based on current and recent EU research initiatives. Jellyfish have been a staple food in East Asia for eons and now show a potential for non-food applications as well. The main fishing methods are mostly traditional, with set-nets, driftnets, hand-nets, and scoop-nets utilizing small crafts or beach-seines. All require a lot of manual labor, thus providing vital, albeit seasonal, occupation to weaker populations. Larger commercial vessels such as purse seines and trawlers are newly introduced métiers which may enable a larger catch per unit effort and total catch, but pose questions of selectivity, bycatch, vessel stability, and transshipment. Social concerns arising from the seasonality of jellyfish fisheries must be met in SE Asia, Latin America, and in any location where new fisheries are established. In the EU, we recognize at least 15 species showing potential for commercial harvesting, but as of 2021, a commercial fishery has yet to be developed; as in finfish fisheries, we advise caution and recognition of the role of jellyfish in marine ecosystems in doing so. Sustainable harvesting techniques and practices must be developed and implemented for a viable practice to emerge, and social and ecological needs must also be incorporated into the management plan. Once established, the catch, effort, and stock status must be monitored, regulated, and properly reported to FAO by countries seeking a viable jellyfish fishery. In the near future, novel applications for jellyfish will offer added value and new markets for this traditional resource.
format	article
author	Dori Edelist Dror L. Angel João Canning-Clode Sonia K. M. Gueroun Nicole Aberle Jamileh Javidpour Carlos Andrade
author_facet	Dori Edelist Dror L. Angel João Canning-Clode Sonia K. M. Gueroun Nicole Aberle Jamileh Javidpour Carlos Andrade
author_sort	Dori Edelist
title	Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice
title_short	Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice
title_full	Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice
title_fullStr	Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice
title_full_unstemmed	Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice
title_sort	jellyfishing in europe: current status, knowledge gaps, and future directions towards a sustainable practice
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f796bb133864f04958552a7f29ee1e0
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Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice

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