Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study

Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26–70 years) w...

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Autores principales:	Ruixin Zhu, Mikael Fogelholm, Sally D. Poppitt, Marta P. Silvestre, Grith Møller, Maija Huttunen-Lenz, Gareth Stratton, Jouko Sundvall, Laura Råman, Elli Jalo, Moira A. Taylor, Ian A. Macdonald, Svetoslav Handjiev, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska, J. Alfredo Martinez, Roslyn Muirhead, Jennie Brand-Miller, Anne Raben
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	plant-based dietary patterns grains legumes nuts fruits vegetables Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f8f0c13ae784006a931b571cbf4a0e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f8f0c13ae784006a931b571cbf4a0e32021-11-25T18:35:15ZAdherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study10.3390/nu131139162072-6643https://doaj.org/article/2f8f0c13ae784006a931b571cbf4a0e32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3916https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26–70 years) with overweight or obesity and pre-diabetes from the 3-year weight-loss maintenance phase of the PREVIEW intervention were analyzed. Adherence to an overall plant-based diet was evaluated using a novel plant-based diet index, where all plant-based foods received positive scores and all animal-based foods received negative scores. After adjustment for potential confounders, linear mixed models with repeated measures showed that the plant-based diet index was inversely associated with weight regain, but not with cardiometabolic risk factors. Nut intake was inversely associated with regain of weight and fat mass and increments in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Fruit intake was inversely associated with increments in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Vegetable intake was inversely associated with an increment in diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides and was positively associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol. All reported associations with cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of weight change. Long-term consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables may be beneficial for weight management and cardiometabolic health, whereas an overall plant-based diet may improve weight management only.Ruixin ZhuMikael FogelholmSally D. PoppittMarta P. SilvestreGrith MøllerMaija Huttunen-LenzGareth StrattonJouko SundvallLaura RåmanElli JaloMoira A. TaylorIan A. MacdonaldSvetoslav HandjievTeodora Handjieva-DarlenskaJ. Alfredo MartinezRoslyn MuirheadJennie Brand-MillerAnne RabenMDPI AGarticleplant-based dietary patternsgrainslegumesnutsfruitsvegetablesNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3916, p 3916 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	plant-based dietary patterns grains legumes nuts fruits vegetables Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	plant-based dietary patterns grains legumes nuts fruits vegetables Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Ruixin Zhu Mikael Fogelholm Sally D. Poppitt Marta P. Silvestre Grith Møller Maija Huttunen-Lenz Gareth Stratton Jouko Sundvall Laura Råman Elli Jalo Moira A. Taylor Ian A. Macdonald Svetoslav Handjiev Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska J. Alfredo Martinez Roslyn Muirhead Jennie Brand-Miller Anne Raben Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study
description	Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26–70 years) with overweight or obesity and pre-diabetes from the 3-year weight-loss maintenance phase of the PREVIEW intervention were analyzed. Adherence to an overall plant-based diet was evaluated using a novel plant-based diet index, where all plant-based foods received positive scores and all animal-based foods received negative scores. After adjustment for potential confounders, linear mixed models with repeated measures showed that the plant-based diet index was inversely associated with weight regain, but not with cardiometabolic risk factors. Nut intake was inversely associated with regain of weight and fat mass and increments in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Fruit intake was inversely associated with increments in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Vegetable intake was inversely associated with an increment in diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides and was positively associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol. All reported associations with cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of weight change. Long-term consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables may be beneficial for weight management and cardiometabolic health, whereas an overall plant-based diet may improve weight management only.
format	article
author	Ruixin Zhu Mikael Fogelholm Sally D. Poppitt Marta P. Silvestre Grith Møller Maija Huttunen-Lenz Gareth Stratton Jouko Sundvall Laura Råman Elli Jalo Moira A. Taylor Ian A. Macdonald Svetoslav Handjiev Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska J. Alfredo Martinez Roslyn Muirhead Jennie Brand-Miller Anne Raben
author_facet	Ruixin Zhu Mikael Fogelholm Sally D. Poppitt Marta P. Silvestre Grith Møller Maija Huttunen-Lenz Gareth Stratton Jouko Sundvall Laura Råman Elli Jalo Moira A. Taylor Ian A. Macdonald Svetoslav Handjiev Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska J. Alfredo Martinez Roslyn Muirhead Jennie Brand-Miller Anne Raben
author_sort	Ruixin Zhu
title	Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study
title_short	Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study
title_full	Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study
title_fullStr	Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study
title_full_unstemmed	Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study
title_sort	adherence to a plant-based diet and consumption of specific plant foods—associations with 3-year weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors: a secondary analysis of the preview intervention study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f8f0c13ae784006a931b571cbf4a0e3
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Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods—Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study

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