The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity

Abstract The evolution of tubercle bacilli parallels a route from environmental Mycobacterium kansasii, through intermediate “Mycobacterium canettii”, to the modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Cell envelope outer membrane lipids change systematically from hydrophilic lipooligosaccharides and...

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Autores principales:	Monika Jankute, Vijayashankar Nataraj, Oona Y. -C. Lee, Houdini H. T. Wu, Malin Ridell, Natalie J. Garton, Michael R. Barer, David E. Minnikin, Apoorva Bhatt, Gurdyal S. Besra
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3ed2851fae5c4880a480abc5fdc8f286
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3ed2851fae5c4880a480abc5fdc8f2862021-12-02T15:06:02ZThe role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity10.1038/s41598-017-01501-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3ed2851fae5c4880a480abc5fdc8f2862017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01501-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The evolution of tubercle bacilli parallels a route from environmental Mycobacterium kansasii, through intermediate “Mycobacterium canettii”, to the modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Cell envelope outer membrane lipids change systematically from hydrophilic lipooligosaccharides and phenolic glycolipids to hydrophobic phthiocerol dimycocerosates, di- and pentaacyl trehaloses and sulfoglycolipids. Such lipid changes point to a hydrophobic phenotype for M. tuberculosis sensu stricto. Using Congo Red staining and hexadecane-aqueous buffer partitioning, the hydrophobicity of rough morphology M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis strains was greater than smooth “M. canettii” and M. kansasii. Killed mycobacteria maintained differential hydrophobicity but defatted cells were similar, indicating that outer membrane lipids govern overall hydrophobicity. A rough M. tuberculosis H37Rv ΔpapA1 sulfoglycolipid-deficient mutant had significantly diminished Congo Red uptake though hexadecane-aqueous buffer partitioning was similar to H37Rv. An M. kansasii, ΔMKAN27435 partially lipooligosaccharide-deficient mutant absorbed marginally more Congo Red dye than the parent strain but was comparable in partition experiments. In evolving from ancestral mycobacteria, related to “M. canettii” and M. kansasii, modern M. tuberculosis probably became more hydrophobic by increasing the proportion of less polar lipids in the outer membrane. Importantly, such a change would enhance the capability for aerosol transmission, affecting virulence and pathogenicity.Monika JankuteVijayashankar NatarajOona Y. -C. LeeHoudini H. T. WuMalin RidellNatalie J. GartonMichael R. BarerDavid E. MinnikinApoorva BhattGurdyal S. BesraNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Monika Jankute Vijayashankar Nataraj Oona Y. -C. Lee Houdini H. T. Wu Malin Ridell Natalie J. Garton Michael R. Barer David E. Minnikin Apoorva Bhatt Gurdyal S. Besra The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
description	Abstract The evolution of tubercle bacilli parallels a route from environmental Mycobacterium kansasii, through intermediate “Mycobacterium canettii”, to the modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Cell envelope outer membrane lipids change systematically from hydrophilic lipooligosaccharides and phenolic glycolipids to hydrophobic phthiocerol dimycocerosates, di- and pentaacyl trehaloses and sulfoglycolipids. Such lipid changes point to a hydrophobic phenotype for M. tuberculosis sensu stricto. Using Congo Red staining and hexadecane-aqueous buffer partitioning, the hydrophobicity of rough morphology M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis strains was greater than smooth “M. canettii” and M. kansasii. Killed mycobacteria maintained differential hydrophobicity but defatted cells were similar, indicating that outer membrane lipids govern overall hydrophobicity. A rough M. tuberculosis H37Rv ΔpapA1 sulfoglycolipid-deficient mutant had significantly diminished Congo Red uptake though hexadecane-aqueous buffer partitioning was similar to H37Rv. An M. kansasii, ΔMKAN27435 partially lipooligosaccharide-deficient mutant absorbed marginally more Congo Red dye than the parent strain but was comparable in partition experiments. In evolving from ancestral mycobacteria, related to “M. canettii” and M. kansasii, modern M. tuberculosis probably became more hydrophobic by increasing the proportion of less polar lipids in the outer membrane. Importantly, such a change would enhance the capability for aerosol transmission, affecting virulence and pathogenicity.
format	article
author	Monika Jankute Vijayashankar Nataraj Oona Y. -C. Lee Houdini H. T. Wu Malin Ridell Natalie J. Garton Michael R. Barer David E. Minnikin Apoorva Bhatt Gurdyal S. Besra
author_facet	Monika Jankute Vijayashankar Nataraj Oona Y. -C. Lee Houdini H. T. Wu Malin Ridell Natalie J. Garton Michael R. Barer David E. Minnikin Apoorva Bhatt Gurdyal S. Besra
author_sort	Monika Jankute
title	The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
title_short	The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
title_full	The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
title_fullStr	The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
title_full_unstemmed	The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
title_sort	role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/3ed2851fae5c4880a480abc5fdc8f286
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The role of hydrophobicity in tuberculosis evolution and pathogenicity

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