Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of full-fat almonds (FFA) as an alternative protein and fat source for broiler feed on broiler productivity, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, cecal-fecal microflora, and foot-pad dermatitis (FPD). A total of 96, one-day-old broiler c...

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Autores principales:	Yong Ju Kim, Min Ho Song, Ji Hwan Lee, Han Jin Oh, Se Yeon Chang, Jae Woo An, Young Bin Go, Dong Cheol Song, Hyun Ah Cho, Byoung Kon Lee, Seok Hyeon Cho, Hyeun Bum Kim, Jin Ho Cho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	full-fat almond fat alternative growth performance nutrient digestibility Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/41dbe10df4704a598a9a05d8bca6d5d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:41dbe10df4704a598a9a05d8bca6d5d82021-11-25T16:14:36ZPartial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis10.3390/ani111130752076-2615https://doaj.org/article/41dbe10df4704a598a9a05d8bca6d5d82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3075https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of full-fat almonds (FFA) as an alternative protein and fat source for broiler feed on broiler productivity, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, cecal-fecal microflora, and foot-pad dermatitis (FPD). A total of 96, one-day-old broiler chickens (Arbor Acres) with initial body weight 41.61 ± 0.36 g were placed in 16 cages. In each trial, four treatments were set up: a basal diet partially replacing animal fat with FFA 0% (Control, CON), a basal diet partially replacing animal fat with FFA 1% (T1), a basal diet partial replacing animal fat with FFA 2% (T2), a basal diet partially replacing animal fat with FFA 4% (T3). The experiment was conducted for a total of 4 weeks. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers at weeks 0 to 1 than in the CON group of broilers. From weeks 3 to 4, and for the entire experimental period, FCR was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON and T1 groups of broilers. The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of the ether extract (EE) was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in the other treatment groups, and AID of crude protein (CP) was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in the CON group. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of EE was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the CON group than in the other treatment groups, and the ATTD of CP and energy was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON group of broilers. The AID and ATTD of total amino acids were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in the other treatment groups. Blood cholesterol levels were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON and T1 groups of broilers, and higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the CON group of broilers than in the T2 and T3 groups of broilers. The amount of <i>E. coli</i> in the cecal and fecal was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in CON and T1 groups. FPD score was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON group of broilers. In conclusion, replacing a partial of animal fat with at least 4% FFA in broiler diets can increase growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler nutrition.Yong Ju KimMin Ho SongJi Hwan LeeHan Jin OhSe Yeon ChangJae Woo AnYoung Bin GoDong Cheol SongHyun Ah ChoByoung Kon LeeSeok Hyeon ChoHyeun Bum KimJin Ho ChoMDPI AGarticlefull-fat almondfat alternativegrowth performancenutrient digestibilityVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3075, p 3075 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	full-fat almond fat alternative growth performance nutrient digestibility Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	full-fat almond fat alternative growth performance nutrient digestibility Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Yong Ju Kim Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Se Yeon Chang Jae Woo An Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Hyun Ah Cho Byoung Kon Lee Seok Hyeon Cho Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis
description	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of full-fat almonds (FFA) as an alternative protein and fat source for broiler feed on broiler productivity, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, cecal-fecal microflora, and foot-pad dermatitis (FPD). A total of 96, one-day-old broiler chickens (Arbor Acres) with initial body weight 41.61 ± 0.36 g were placed in 16 cages. In each trial, four treatments were set up: a basal diet partially replacing animal fat with FFA 0% (Control, CON), a basal diet partially replacing animal fat with FFA 1% (T1), a basal diet partial replacing animal fat with FFA 2% (T2), a basal diet partially replacing animal fat with FFA 4% (T3). The experiment was conducted for a total of 4 weeks. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers at weeks 0 to 1 than in the CON group of broilers. From weeks 3 to 4, and for the entire experimental period, FCR was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON and T1 groups of broilers. The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of the ether extract (EE) was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in the other treatment groups, and AID of crude protein (CP) was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in the CON group. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of EE was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the CON group than in the other treatment groups, and the ATTD of CP and energy was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON group of broilers. The AID and ATTD of total amino acids were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in the other treatment groups. Blood cholesterol levels were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON and T1 groups of broilers, and higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the CON group of broilers than in the T2 and T3 groups of broilers. The amount of <i>E. coli</i> in the cecal and fecal was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group than in CON and T1 groups. FPD score was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the T3 group of broilers than in the CON group of broilers. In conclusion, replacing a partial of animal fat with at least 4% FFA in broiler diets can increase growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler nutrition.
format	article
author	Yong Ju Kim Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Se Yeon Chang Jae Woo An Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Hyun Ah Cho Byoung Kon Lee Seok Hyeon Cho Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho
author_facet	Yong Ju Kim Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Se Yeon Chang Jae Woo An Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Hyun Ah Cho Byoung Kon Lee Seok Hyeon Cho Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho
author_sort	Yong Ju Kim
title	Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis
title_short	Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis
title_full	Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis
title_fullStr	Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis
title_full_unstemmed	Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis
title_sort	partial replacement of animal fat with full-fat almond in broiler chicken diets: performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, cecal-fecal microflora composition, and foot-pad dermatitis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/41dbe10df4704a598a9a05d8bca6d5d8
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Partial Replacement of Animal Fat with Full-Fat Almond in Broiler Chicken Diets: Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Cecal-Fecal Microflora Composition, and Foot-Pad Dermatitis

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