-SO3H-functionalization of sub-bituminous coal as a highly active acidic catalyst during the transesterification of spent sunflower oil; characterization, application, and mechanism

Raw coal without carbonization was treated with sulfuric acid at different concentrations (70% to 95%) as a controlled sulfonation process to produce a simple and effective acidic catalyst. The synthetic catalyst (S.Coal) at the best H2SO4 concentration (95%) showed the best acid density (8.4 mmol/g...

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Autores principales: Sherouk M. Ibrahim, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny, Jae-Jin Shim, Ali A. AlHammadi, Mostafa R. Abukhadra
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/60b15647faee49c48cf8ed33e0ecdf1b
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