Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.

Open source and open data have been driving forces in bioinformatics in the past. However, privacy concerns may soon change the landscape, limiting future access to important data sets, including personal genomics data. Here we survey this situation in some detail, describing, in particular, how the...

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Autores principales:	Dov Greenbaum, Andrea Sboner, Xinmeng Jasmine Mu, Mark Gerstein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/62107988ecf64229b7b97f35e07aa7e5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:62107988ecf64229b7b97f35e07aa7e52021-11-18T05:51:45ZGenomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1002278https://doaj.org/article/62107988ecf64229b7b97f35e07aa7e52011-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22144881/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Open source and open data have been driving forces in bioinformatics in the past. However, privacy concerns may soon change the landscape, limiting future access to important data sets, including personal genomics data. Here we survey this situation in some detail, describing, in particular, how the large scale of the data from personal genomic sequencing makes it especially hard to share data, exacerbating the privacy problem. We also go over various aspects of genomic privacy: first, there is basic identifiability of subjects having their genome sequenced. However, even for individuals who have consented to be identified, there is the prospect of very detailed future characterization of their genotype, which, unanticipated at the time of their consent, may be more personal and invasive than the release of their medical records. We go over various computational strategies for dealing with the issue of genomic privacy. One can "slice" and reformat datasets to allow them to be partially shared while securing the most private variants. This is particularly applicable to functional genomics information, which can be largely processed without variant information. For handling the most private data there are a number of legal and technological approaches-for example, modifying the informed consent procedure to acknowledge that privacy cannot be guaranteed, and/or employing a secure cloud computing environment. Cloud computing in particular may allow access to the data in a more controlled fashion than the current practice of downloading and computing on large datasets. Furthermore, it may be particularly advantageous for small labs, given that the burden of many privacy issues falls disproportionately on them in comparison to large corporations and genome centers. Finally, we discuss how education of future genetics researchers will be important, with curriculums emphasizing privacy and data security. However, teaching personal genomics with identifiable subjects in the university setting will, in turn, create additional privacy issues and social conundrums.Dov GreenbaumAndrea SbonerXinmeng Jasmine MuMark GersteinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e1002278 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Dov Greenbaum Andrea Sboner Xinmeng Jasmine Mu Mark Gerstein Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
description	Open source and open data have been driving forces in bioinformatics in the past. However, privacy concerns may soon change the landscape, limiting future access to important data sets, including personal genomics data. Here we survey this situation in some detail, describing, in particular, how the large scale of the data from personal genomic sequencing makes it especially hard to share data, exacerbating the privacy problem. We also go over various aspects of genomic privacy: first, there is basic identifiability of subjects having their genome sequenced. However, even for individuals who have consented to be identified, there is the prospect of very detailed future characterization of their genotype, which, unanticipated at the time of their consent, may be more personal and invasive than the release of their medical records. We go over various computational strategies for dealing with the issue of genomic privacy. One can "slice" and reformat datasets to allow them to be partially shared while securing the most private variants. This is particularly applicable to functional genomics information, which can be largely processed without variant information. For handling the most private data there are a number of legal and technological approaches-for example, modifying the informed consent procedure to acknowledge that privacy cannot be guaranteed, and/or employing a secure cloud computing environment. Cloud computing in particular may allow access to the data in a more controlled fashion than the current practice of downloading and computing on large datasets. Furthermore, it may be particularly advantageous for small labs, given that the burden of many privacy issues falls disproportionately on them in comparison to large corporations and genome centers. Finally, we discuss how education of future genetics researchers will be important, with curriculums emphasizing privacy and data security. However, teaching personal genomics with identifiable subjects in the university setting will, in turn, create additional privacy issues and social conundrums.
format	article
author	Dov Greenbaum Andrea Sboner Xinmeng Jasmine Mu Mark Gerstein
author_facet	Dov Greenbaum Andrea Sboner Xinmeng Jasmine Mu Mark Gerstein
author_sort	Dov Greenbaum
title	Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
title_short	Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
title_full	Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
title_fullStr	Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
title_full_unstemmed	Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
title_sort	genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/62107988ecf64229b7b97f35e07aa7e5
work_keys_str_mv	AT dovgreenbaum genomicsandprivacyimplicationsofthenewrealityofcloseddataforthefield AT andreasboner genomicsandprivacyimplicationsofthenewrealityofcloseddataforthefield AT xinmengjasminemu genomicsandprivacyimplicationsofthenewrealityofcloseddataforthefield AT markgerstein genomicsandprivacyimplicationsofthenewrealityofcloseddataforthefield
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Genomics and privacy: implications of the new reality of closed data for the field.

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