The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The effects of gender differences on cardiac parameters have been well-established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of plasma levels of different sex hormones with premature atrial or ventricular contractions in premenopausa...

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Autores principales: Elias Tsougos, Emmanouil Korakas, Vasileios Kolovos, Georgia-Angeliki Koliou, Georgios Papageorgiou, Aikaterini Kountouri, Konstantinos Balampanis, Loukia Pliouta, Savvas Loizos, Nikolaos Karamichalakis, Elias Gatos, Ignatios Ikonomidis, Paraskevi Kazakou, Athanasios Raptis, Vaia Lambadiari
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Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:62b17628d0bd480b8011dc777ca99c1b2021-11-25T18:18:08ZThe Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women10.3390/medicina571111541648-91441010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/article/62b17628d0bd480b8011dc777ca99c1b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1154https://doaj.org/toc/1010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1648-9144<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The effects of gender differences on cardiac parameters have been well-established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of plasma levels of different sex hormones with premature atrial or ventricular contractions in premenopausal women. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We conducted a prospective study which included women in late reproductive age who presented with palpitations during an eight-month period. A 12-lead electrocardiography, a transthoracic echocardiogram, blood samples, and 24-hour rhythm Holter were conducted on the third day of the menstrual cycle. <i>Results</i> Overall, 93 healthy premenopausal women with a median age of 42 years were enrolled. QTc interval was within normal limits in all patients. The 24 h range of premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) was 0–6450 and was 0–21,230, respectively. The median number of PVCs was 540 and the median number of PACs was 212, respectively. In total, 51 patients (54.8%) had a frequency of PVCs > 500/24 h and 37 patients (39.8%) had a frequency of PACs > 500/24 h, respectively. No statistically significant association was shown between any hormone and the frequency of PACs. Regarding PVCs, patients with a PVCs frequency > 500/24 h had higher estradiol levels compared to patients with PVCs less than 500/24 h (median 60 pg/mL versus 42 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.02, OR: 1.01). No association was found between PVCs and other hormones. <i>Conclusions</i>: In premenopausal healthy women, higher estradiol levels are independently associated with increased PVCs. This suggests that estradiol in late reproductive stages may exert proarrhythmic effects.Elias TsougosEmmanouil KorakasVasileios KolovosGeorgia-Angeliki KoliouGeorgios PapageorgiouAikaterini KountouriKonstantinos BalampanisLoukia PlioutaSavvas LoizosNikolaos KaramichalakisElias GatosIgnatios IkonomidisParaskevi KazakouAthanasios RaptisVaia LambadiariMDPI AGarticleestradiolprogesteronepremature ventricular contractionsmenstrual cyclearrhythmiasMedicine (General)R5-920ENMedicina, Vol 57, Iss 1154, p 1154 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic estradiol
progesterone
premature ventricular contractions
menstrual cycle
arrhythmias
Medicine (General)
R5-920
spellingShingle estradiol
progesterone
premature ventricular contractions
menstrual cycle
arrhythmias
Medicine (General)
R5-920
Elias Tsougos
Emmanouil Korakas
Vasileios Kolovos
Georgia-Angeliki Koliou
Georgios Papageorgiou
Aikaterini Kountouri
Konstantinos Balampanis
Loukia Pliouta
Savvas Loizos
Nikolaos Karamichalakis
Elias Gatos
Ignatios Ikonomidis
Paraskevi Kazakou
Athanasios Raptis
Vaia Lambadiari
The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
description <i>Background and Objectives</i>: The effects of gender differences on cardiac parameters have been well-established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of plasma levels of different sex hormones with premature atrial or ventricular contractions in premenopausal women. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We conducted a prospective study which included women in late reproductive age who presented with palpitations during an eight-month period. A 12-lead electrocardiography, a transthoracic echocardiogram, blood samples, and 24-hour rhythm Holter were conducted on the third day of the menstrual cycle. <i>Results</i> Overall, 93 healthy premenopausal women with a median age of 42 years were enrolled. QTc interval was within normal limits in all patients. The 24 h range of premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) was 0–6450 and was 0–21,230, respectively. The median number of PVCs was 540 and the median number of PACs was 212, respectively. In total, 51 patients (54.8%) had a frequency of PVCs > 500/24 h and 37 patients (39.8%) had a frequency of PACs > 500/24 h, respectively. No statistically significant association was shown between any hormone and the frequency of PACs. Regarding PVCs, patients with a PVCs frequency > 500/24 h had higher estradiol levels compared to patients with PVCs less than 500/24 h (median 60 pg/mL versus 42 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.02, OR: 1.01). No association was found between PVCs and other hormones. <i>Conclusions</i>: In premenopausal healthy women, higher estradiol levels are independently associated with increased PVCs. This suggests that estradiol in late reproductive stages may exert proarrhythmic effects.
format article
author Elias Tsougos
Emmanouil Korakas
Vasileios Kolovos
Georgia-Angeliki Koliou
Georgios Papageorgiou
Aikaterini Kountouri
Konstantinos Balampanis
Loukia Pliouta
Savvas Loizos
Nikolaos Karamichalakis
Elias Gatos
Ignatios Ikonomidis
Paraskevi Kazakou
Athanasios Raptis
Vaia Lambadiari
author_facet Elias Tsougos
Emmanouil Korakas
Vasileios Kolovos
Georgia-Angeliki Koliou
Georgios Papageorgiou
Aikaterini Kountouri
Konstantinos Balampanis
Loukia Pliouta
Savvas Loizos
Nikolaos Karamichalakis
Elias Gatos
Ignatios Ikonomidis
Paraskevi Kazakou
Athanasios Raptis
Vaia Lambadiari
author_sort Elias Tsougos
title The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
title_short The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
title_full The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
title_fullStr The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Different Hormones on Supraventricular and Ventricular Premature Contractions in Healthy Premenopausal Women
title_sort effects of different hormones on supraventricular and ventricular premature contractions in healthy premenopausal women
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/62b17628d0bd480b8011dc777ca99c1b
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