Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods

Abstract Domestic dogs are trained using a range of different methods, broadly categorised as reward based (positive reinforcement/negative punishment) and aversive based (positive punishment/negative reinforcement). Previous research has suggested associations between use of positive punishment-bas...

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Autores principales:	Rachel A. Casey, Maria Naj-Oleari, Sarah Campbell, Michael Mendl, Emily J. Blackwell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/65a9dd8f8bf043239d724c46ebcceb14
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:65a9dd8f8bf043239d724c46ebcceb142021-12-02T18:48:02ZDogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods10.1038/s41598-021-97743-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/65a9dd8f8bf043239d724c46ebcceb142021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97743-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Domestic dogs are trained using a range of different methods, broadly categorised as reward based (positive reinforcement/negative punishment) and aversive based (positive punishment/negative reinforcement). Previous research has suggested associations between use of positive punishment-based techniques and undesired behaviours, but there is little research investigating the relative welfare consequences of these different approaches. This study used a judgement bias task to compare the underlying mood state of dogs whose owners reported using two or more positive punishment/negative reinforcement based techniques, with those trained using only positive reinforcement/negative punishment in a matched pair study design. Dogs were trained to discriminate between rewarded and unrewarded locations equidistant from a start box, and mean latencies recorded. Their subsequent latency to intermediate ‘ambiguous’ locations was recorded as an indication of whether these were perceived as likely to contain food or not. Dogs trained using aversive methods were slower to all ambiguous locations. This difference was significant for latency to the middle (Wilcoxon Z = − 2.380, P = 0.017), and near positive (Wilcoxon Z = − 2.447, P = 0.014) locations, suggesting that dogs trained using coercive methods may have a more negative mood state, and hence that there are welfare implications of training dogs using such methods.Rachel A. CaseyMaria Naj-OleariSarah CampbellMichael MendlEmily J. BlackwellNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rachel A. Casey Maria Naj-Oleari Sarah Campbell Michael Mendl Emily J. Blackwell Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
description	Abstract Domestic dogs are trained using a range of different methods, broadly categorised as reward based (positive reinforcement/negative punishment) and aversive based (positive punishment/negative reinforcement). Previous research has suggested associations between use of positive punishment-based techniques and undesired behaviours, but there is little research investigating the relative welfare consequences of these different approaches. This study used a judgement bias task to compare the underlying mood state of dogs whose owners reported using two or more positive punishment/negative reinforcement based techniques, with those trained using only positive reinforcement/negative punishment in a matched pair study design. Dogs were trained to discriminate between rewarded and unrewarded locations equidistant from a start box, and mean latencies recorded. Their subsequent latency to intermediate ‘ambiguous’ locations was recorded as an indication of whether these were perceived as likely to contain food or not. Dogs trained using aversive methods were slower to all ambiguous locations. This difference was significant for latency to the middle (Wilcoxon Z = − 2.380, P = 0.017), and near positive (Wilcoxon Z = − 2.447, P = 0.014) locations, suggesting that dogs trained using coercive methods may have a more negative mood state, and hence that there are welfare implications of training dogs using such methods.
format	article
author	Rachel A. Casey Maria Naj-Oleari Sarah Campbell Michael Mendl Emily J. Blackwell
author_facet	Rachel A. Casey Maria Naj-Oleari Sarah Campbell Michael Mendl Emily J. Blackwell
author_sort	Rachel A. Casey
title	Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
title_short	Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
title_full	Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
title_fullStr	Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
title_full_unstemmed	Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
title_sort	dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/65a9dd8f8bf043239d724c46ebcceb14
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Dogs are more pessimistic if their owners use two or more aversive training methods

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