Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients with clinical complications including organ rejection and death. Whole blood gene expression dynamics in CMV viremic patients from onset of DNAemia through convalescence has not been we...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:66617ef659554f75b140839bea4127572021-11-15T06:50:27ZAcute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.750659https://doaj.org/article/66617ef659554f75b140839bea4127572021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.750659/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients with clinical complications including organ rejection and death. Whole blood gene expression dynamics in CMV viremic patients from onset of DNAemia through convalescence has not been well studied to date in humans. To evaluate how CMV infection impacts whole blood leukocyte gene expression over time, we evaluated a matched cohort of 62 kidney transplant recipients with and without CMV DNAemia using blood samples collected at multiple time points during the 12-month period after transplant. While transcriptomic differences were minimal at baseline between DNAemic and non-DNAemic patients, hundreds of genes were differentially expressed at the long-term timepoint, including genes enriching for pathways important for macrophages, interferon, and IL-8 signaling. Amongst patients with CMV DNAemia, the greatest amount of transcriptomic change occurred between baseline and 1-week post-DNAemia, with increase in pathways for interferon signaling and cytotoxic T cell function. Time-course gene set analysis of these differentially expressed genes revealed that most of the enriched pathways had a significant time-trend. While many pathways that were significantly down- or upregulated at 1 week returned to baseline-like levels, we noted that several pathways important in adaptive and innate cell function remained upregulated at the long-term timepoint after resolution of CMV DNAemia. Differential expression analysis and time-course gene set analysis revealed the dynamics of genes and pathways involved in the immune response to CMV DNAemia in kidney transplant patients. Understanding transcriptional changes caused by CMV DNAemia may identify the mechanism behind patient vulnerability to CMV reactivation and increased risk of rejection in transplant recipients and suggest protective strategies to counter the negative immunologic impact of CMV. These findings provide a framework to identify immune correlates for risk assessment and guiding need for extending antiviral prophylaxis.Richard AhnRichard AhnJoanna SchaenmanZachary QianZachary QianHarry PickeringVictoria GroysbergMaura RossettiMegan LlamasAlexander HoffmannAlexander HoffmannDavid GjertsonDavid GjertsonMario DengSuphamai BunnapradistElaine F. ReedCMV Systems Immunobiology GroupRichard AhnJanice Arakawa-HoytPatrick BoadaJenny BrookSuphamai BunnapradistJim CiminoIzabella DammNakul DattaMario DengDon J. DiamondTin DoungJanette GadzhyanDavid ElashoffDavid GjertsonVictoria GroysbergAlexander HoffmannKenichi IshiyamaMaggie KerwinLewis L. LanierMegan LlamasErik LumDane MunarTariq MukatashHarry PickeringZachary QianMichelle RamirezElaine F. ReedPriyanka RashmiRodney RodgersDimitri RychovMinnie M. SarwalJoanna SchaenmanSubha SenTara SigdelDanielle SimMarina SirotaSwastika SurOtto YangFrontiers Media S.A.articlekidney transplantRNA-seqCMV DNAemiatransplant immunologytranscriptomicsImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
kidney transplant RNA-seq CMV DNAemia transplant immunology transcriptomics Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
| spellingShingle |
kidney transplant RNA-seq CMV DNAemia transplant immunology transcriptomics Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Richard Ahn Richard Ahn Joanna Schaenman Zachary Qian Zachary Qian Harry Pickering Victoria Groysberg Maura Rossetti Megan Llamas Alexander Hoffmann Alexander Hoffmann David Gjertson David Gjertson Mario Deng Suphamai Bunnapradist Elaine F. Reed CMV Systems Immunobiology Group Richard Ahn Janice Arakawa-Hoyt Patrick Boada Jenny Brook Suphamai Bunnapradist Jim Cimino Izabella Damm Nakul Datta Mario Deng Don J. Diamond Tin Doung Janette Gadzhyan David Elashoff David Gjertson Victoria Groysberg Alexander Hoffmann Kenichi Ishiyama Maggie Kerwin Lewis L. Lanier Megan Llamas Erik Lum Dane Munar Tariq Mukatash Harry Pickering Zachary Qian Michelle Ramirez Elaine F. Reed Priyanka Rashmi Rodney Rodgers Dimitri Rychov Minnie M. Sarwal Joanna Schaenman Subha Sen Tara Sigdel Danielle Sim Marina Sirota Swastika Sur Otto Yang Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients |
| description |
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients with clinical complications including organ rejection and death. Whole blood gene expression dynamics in CMV viremic patients from onset of DNAemia through convalescence has not been well studied to date in humans. To evaluate how CMV infection impacts whole blood leukocyte gene expression over time, we evaluated a matched cohort of 62 kidney transplant recipients with and without CMV DNAemia using blood samples collected at multiple time points during the 12-month period after transplant. While transcriptomic differences were minimal at baseline between DNAemic and non-DNAemic patients, hundreds of genes were differentially expressed at the long-term timepoint, including genes enriching for pathways important for macrophages, interferon, and IL-8 signaling. Amongst patients with CMV DNAemia, the greatest amount of transcriptomic change occurred between baseline and 1-week post-DNAemia, with increase in pathways for interferon signaling and cytotoxic T cell function. Time-course gene set analysis of these differentially expressed genes revealed that most of the enriched pathways had a significant time-trend. While many pathways that were significantly down- or upregulated at 1 week returned to baseline-like levels, we noted that several pathways important in adaptive and innate cell function remained upregulated at the long-term timepoint after resolution of CMV DNAemia. Differential expression analysis and time-course gene set analysis revealed the dynamics of genes and pathways involved in the immune response to CMV DNAemia in kidney transplant patients. Understanding transcriptional changes caused by CMV DNAemia may identify the mechanism behind patient vulnerability to CMV reactivation and increased risk of rejection in transplant recipients and suggest protective strategies to counter the negative immunologic impact of CMV. These findings provide a framework to identify immune correlates for risk assessment and guiding need for extending antiviral prophylaxis. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Richard Ahn Richard Ahn Joanna Schaenman Zachary Qian Zachary Qian Harry Pickering Victoria Groysberg Maura Rossetti Megan Llamas Alexander Hoffmann Alexander Hoffmann David Gjertson David Gjertson Mario Deng Suphamai Bunnapradist Elaine F. Reed CMV Systems Immunobiology Group Richard Ahn Janice Arakawa-Hoyt Patrick Boada Jenny Brook Suphamai Bunnapradist Jim Cimino Izabella Damm Nakul Datta Mario Deng Don J. Diamond Tin Doung Janette Gadzhyan David Elashoff David Gjertson Victoria Groysberg Alexander Hoffmann Kenichi Ishiyama Maggie Kerwin Lewis L. Lanier Megan Llamas Erik Lum Dane Munar Tariq Mukatash Harry Pickering Zachary Qian Michelle Ramirez Elaine F. Reed Priyanka Rashmi Rodney Rodgers Dimitri Rychov Minnie M. Sarwal Joanna Schaenman Subha Sen Tara Sigdel Danielle Sim Marina Sirota Swastika Sur Otto Yang |
| author_facet |
Richard Ahn Richard Ahn Joanna Schaenman Zachary Qian Zachary Qian Harry Pickering Victoria Groysberg Maura Rossetti Megan Llamas Alexander Hoffmann Alexander Hoffmann David Gjertson David Gjertson Mario Deng Suphamai Bunnapradist Elaine F. Reed CMV Systems Immunobiology Group Richard Ahn Janice Arakawa-Hoyt Patrick Boada Jenny Brook Suphamai Bunnapradist Jim Cimino Izabella Damm Nakul Datta Mario Deng Don J. Diamond Tin Doung Janette Gadzhyan David Elashoff David Gjertson Victoria Groysberg Alexander Hoffmann Kenichi Ishiyama Maggie Kerwin Lewis L. Lanier Megan Llamas Erik Lum Dane Munar Tariq Mukatash Harry Pickering Zachary Qian Michelle Ramirez Elaine F. Reed Priyanka Rashmi Rodney Rodgers Dimitri Rychov Minnie M. Sarwal Joanna Schaenman Subha Sen Tara Sigdel Danielle Sim Marina Sirota Swastika Sur Otto Yang |
| author_sort |
Richard Ahn |
| title |
Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients |
| title_short |
Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients |
| title_full |
Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients |
| title_fullStr |
Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Acute and Chronic Changes in Gene Expression After CMV DNAemia in Kidney Transplant Recipients |
| title_sort |
acute and chronic changes in gene expression after cmv dnaemia in kidney transplant recipients |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/66617ef659554f75b140839bea412757 |
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