Enhanced robustness of evolving open systems by the bidirectionality of interactions between elements

Abstract Living organisms, ecosystems, and social systems are examples of complex systems in which robustness against inclusion of new elements is an essential feature. A recently proposed simple model has revealed a general mechanism by which such systems can become robust against inclusion of elem...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fumiko Ogushi, János Kertész, Kimmo Kaski, Takashi Shimada
Format: article
Language:EN
Published: Nature Portfolio 2017
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Online Access:https://doaj.org/article/67ec80c72a604dfbb7bbec473ff7dc4f
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