Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are experiencing growing interest as substitutes of polluting organic solvents for their low or absent toxicity and volatility. Moreover, they can be formed with natural bioavailable and biodegradable molecules; they are synthesized in absence of hazardous solvents. DES...

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Autores principales:	Matteo Ciardi, Federica Ianni, Roccaldo Sardella, Stefano Di Bona, Lina Cossignani, Raimondo Germani, Matteo Tiecco, Catia Clementi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	quercetin Deep Eutectic Solvents extraction preconcentration DESs water dilutions RP-HPLC-UV Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/74172ebbc69c4baa81145a52f0c94d4f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:74172ebbc69c4baa81145a52f0c94d4f2021-11-11T18:02:44ZEffective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents10.3390/ma142164651996-1944https://doaj.org/article/74172ebbc69c4baa81145a52f0c94d4f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6465https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are experiencing growing interest as substitutes of polluting organic solvents for their low or absent toxicity and volatility. Moreover, they can be formed with natural bioavailable and biodegradable molecules; they are synthesized in absence of hazardous solvents. DESs are, inter alia, successfully used for the extraction/preconcentration of biofunctional molecules from complex vegetal matrices. Onion skin is a highly abundant waste material which represents a reservoir of molecules endowed with valuable biological properties such as quercetin and its glycosylated forms. An efficient extraction of these molecules from dry onion skin from “Dorata di Parma” cultivar was obtained with water dilution of acid-based DESs. Glycolic acid (with betaine 2/1 molar ratio and L-Proline 3/1 molar ratio as counterparts) and of <i>p</i>-toluensulphonic acid (with benzyltrimethylammonium methanesulfonate 1/1 molar ratio)-based DESs exhibited more than 3-fold higher extraction efficiency than methanol (14.79 µg/mL, 18.56 µg/mL, 14.83 µg/mL vs. 5.84 µg/mL, respectively). The extracted quercetin was also recovered efficaciously (81% of recovery) from the original extraction mixture. The proposed extraction protocol revealed to be green, efficacious and selective for the extraction of quercetin from onion skin and it could be useful for the development of other extraction procedures from other biological matrixes.Matteo CiardiFederica IanniRoccaldo SardellaStefano Di BonaLina CossignaniRaimondo GermaniMatteo TieccoCatia ClementiMDPI AGarticlequercetinDeep Eutectic SolventsextractionpreconcentrationDESs water dilutionsRP-HPLC-UVTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6465, p 6465 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	quercetin Deep Eutectic Solvents extraction preconcentration DESs water dilutions RP-HPLC-UV Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	quercetin Deep Eutectic Solvents extraction preconcentration DESs water dilutions RP-HPLC-UV Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Matteo Ciardi Federica Ianni Roccaldo Sardella Stefano Di Bona Lina Cossignani Raimondo Germani Matteo Tiecco Catia Clementi Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
description	Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are experiencing growing interest as substitutes of polluting organic solvents for their low or absent toxicity and volatility. Moreover, they can be formed with natural bioavailable and biodegradable molecules; they are synthesized in absence of hazardous solvents. DESs are, inter alia, successfully used for the extraction/preconcentration of biofunctional molecules from complex vegetal matrices. Onion skin is a highly abundant waste material which represents a reservoir of molecules endowed with valuable biological properties such as quercetin and its glycosylated forms. An efficient extraction of these molecules from dry onion skin from “Dorata di Parma” cultivar was obtained with water dilution of acid-based DESs. Glycolic acid (with betaine 2/1 molar ratio and L-Proline 3/1 molar ratio as counterparts) and of <i>p</i>-toluensulphonic acid (with benzyltrimethylammonium methanesulfonate 1/1 molar ratio)-based DESs exhibited more than 3-fold higher extraction efficiency than methanol (14.79 µg/mL, 18.56 µg/mL, 14.83 µg/mL vs. 5.84 µg/mL, respectively). The extracted quercetin was also recovered efficaciously (81% of recovery) from the original extraction mixture. The proposed extraction protocol revealed to be green, efficacious and selective for the extraction of quercetin from onion skin and it could be useful for the development of other extraction procedures from other biological matrixes.
format	article
author	Matteo Ciardi Federica Ianni Roccaldo Sardella Stefano Di Bona Lina Cossignani Raimondo Germani Matteo Tiecco Catia Clementi
author_facet	Matteo Ciardi Federica Ianni Roccaldo Sardella Stefano Di Bona Lina Cossignani Raimondo Germani Matteo Tiecco Catia Clementi
author_sort	Matteo Ciardi
title	Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
title_short	Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
title_full	Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
title_fullStr	Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
title_full_unstemmed	Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
title_sort	effective and selective extraction of quercetin from onion (<i>allium cepa</i> l.) skin waste using water dilutions of acid-based deep eutectic solvents
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/74172ebbc69c4baa81145a52f0c94d4f
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Effective and Selective Extraction of Quercetin from Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) Skin Waste Using Water Dilutions of Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

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