Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory

Abstract Daytime naps have been linked with enhanced memory encoding and consolidation. It remains unclear how a daily napping schedule impacts learning throughout the day, and whether these effects are the same for well-rested and sleep restricted individuals. We compared memory in 112 adolescents...

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Autores principales:	James N. Cousins, Ruth L. F. Leong, S. Azrin Jamaluddin, Alyssa S. C. Ng, Ju Lynn Ong, Michael W. L. Chee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/827f8046e2ab4fb7bbea56b0c8401499
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:827f8046e2ab4fb7bbea56b0c84014992021-12-02T15:54:06ZSplitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory10.1038/s41598-021-84625-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/827f8046e2ab4fb7bbea56b0c84014992021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84625-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Daytime naps have been linked with enhanced memory encoding and consolidation. It remains unclear how a daily napping schedule impacts learning throughout the day, and whether these effects are the same for well-rested and sleep restricted individuals. We compared memory in 112 adolescents who underwent two simulated school weeks containing 8 or 6.5 h sleep opportunities each day. Sleep episodes were nocturnal or split between nocturnal sleep and a 90-min afternoon nap, creating four experimental groups: 8 h-continuous, 8 h-split, 6.5 h-continuous and 6.5 h-split. Declarative memory was assessed with picture encoding and an educationally realistic factual knowledge task. Splitting sleep significantly enhanced afternoon picture encoding and factual knowledge under both 6.5 h and 8 h durations. Splitting sleep also significantly reduced slow-wave energy during nocturnal sleep, suggesting lower homeostatic sleep pressure during the day. There was no negative impact of the split sleep schedule on morning performance, despite a reduction in nocturnal sleep. These findings suggest that naps could be incorporated into a daily sleep schedule that provides sufficient sleep and benefits learning.James N. CousinsRuth L. F. LeongS. Azrin JamaluddinAlyssa S. C. NgJu Lynn OngMichael W. L. CheeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q James N. Cousins Ruth L. F. Leong S. Azrin Jamaluddin Alyssa S. C. Ng Ju Lynn Ong Michael W. L. Chee Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
description	Abstract Daytime naps have been linked with enhanced memory encoding and consolidation. It remains unclear how a daily napping schedule impacts learning throughout the day, and whether these effects are the same for well-rested and sleep restricted individuals. We compared memory in 112 adolescents who underwent two simulated school weeks containing 8 or 6.5 h sleep opportunities each day. Sleep episodes were nocturnal or split between nocturnal sleep and a 90-min afternoon nap, creating four experimental groups: 8 h-continuous, 8 h-split, 6.5 h-continuous and 6.5 h-split. Declarative memory was assessed with picture encoding and an educationally realistic factual knowledge task. Splitting sleep significantly enhanced afternoon picture encoding and factual knowledge under both 6.5 h and 8 h durations. Splitting sleep also significantly reduced slow-wave energy during nocturnal sleep, suggesting lower homeostatic sleep pressure during the day. There was no negative impact of the split sleep schedule on morning performance, despite a reduction in nocturnal sleep. These findings suggest that naps could be incorporated into a daily sleep schedule that provides sufficient sleep and benefits learning.
format	article
author	James N. Cousins Ruth L. F. Leong S. Azrin Jamaluddin Alyssa S. C. Ng Ju Lynn Ong Michael W. L. Chee
author_facet	James N. Cousins Ruth L. F. Leong S. Azrin Jamaluddin Alyssa S. C. Ng Ju Lynn Ong Michael W. L. Chee
author_sort	James N. Cousins
title	Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
title_short	Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
title_full	Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
title_fullStr	Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
title_full_unstemmed	Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
title_sort	splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/827f8046e2ab4fb7bbea56b0c8401499
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Splitting sleep between the night and a daytime nap reduces homeostatic sleep pressure and enhances long-term memory

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