Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.

<h4>Background</h4>Phenotypic variability for productive and meat quality traits has been largely studied in Iberian pigs, especially in genetic selection and nutritional experiments. Complex interactions among genetic background, diet composition and gut microbiota hinder the correct as...

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Autores principales:	Adrián López-García, Rita Benítez, Yolanda Núñez, Emilio Gómez-Izquierdo, Eduardo de Mercado, Juan M García-Casco, Óscar González-Recio, Clemente López-Bote, Jordi Estellé, Cristina Óvilo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/92c9769b938946e7b13e5ad72edbde7f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:92c9769b938946e7b13e5ad72edbde7f2021-11-25T06:19:05ZInfluence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0251804https://doaj.org/article/92c9769b938946e7b13e5ad72edbde7f2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251804https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Phenotypic variability for productive and meat quality traits has been largely studied in Iberian pigs, especially in genetic selection and nutritional experiments. Complex interactions among genetic background, diet composition and gut microbiota hinder the correct assessment of each factor's contribution on phenotypes. In order to disentangle these interactions, we evaluated changes in gut microbiota composition comparing 48 Iberian and Duroc pigs fed diets with different energy source (standard diet with carbohydrates vs sunflower oil-enriched diet with high oleic acid content).<h4>Results</h4>A higher richness was observed for Iberian pigs (p < 0.05) and compositional analysis was applied for beta-diversity, differential abundance and pairwise log-ratio analyses. We found significant differences in overall microbiota composition between breeds, and also between diets inside breeds, to a lesser extent. Differential abundance analysis revealed that Duroc animals have more proportion of Actinobacteria and Prevotella, while Iberian replace those microorganisms with other more variable taxa. According to dietary differences, high-oleic fed animals were richer in Prevotella. We also found microbial ratios capable of separating animals by breeds and diets, mostly related to Actinobacteria.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study reveals that both genetic background and diet composition might have a relevant impact in gut microbiota composition. The application of compositional data analysis has facilitated the identification of microorganisms and ratios as possibly related to metabolic changes due to genetic background and, to a lower extent, to dietary changes. This may lead to a relevant progress in the knowledge of interactions between pig genetics, environment and gut microbiota.Adrián López-GarcíaRita BenítezYolanda NúñezEmilio Gómez-IzquierdoEduardo de MercadoJuan M García-CascoÓscar González-RecioClemente López-BoteJordi EstelléCristina ÓviloPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0251804 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adrián López-García Rita Benítez Yolanda Núñez Emilio Gómez-Izquierdo Eduardo de Mercado Juan M García-Casco Óscar González-Recio Clemente López-Bote Jordi Estellé Cristina Óvilo Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Phenotypic variability for productive and meat quality traits has been largely studied in Iberian pigs, especially in genetic selection and nutritional experiments. Complex interactions among genetic background, diet composition and gut microbiota hinder the correct assessment of each factor's contribution on phenotypes. In order to disentangle these interactions, we evaluated changes in gut microbiota composition comparing 48 Iberian and Duroc pigs fed diets with different energy source (standard diet with carbohydrates vs sunflower oil-enriched diet with high oleic acid content).<h4>Results</h4>A higher richness was observed for Iberian pigs (p < 0.05) and compositional analysis was applied for beta-diversity, differential abundance and pairwise log-ratio analyses. We found significant differences in overall microbiota composition between breeds, and also between diets inside breeds, to a lesser extent. Differential abundance analysis revealed that Duroc animals have more proportion of Actinobacteria and Prevotella, while Iberian replace those microorganisms with other more variable taxa. According to dietary differences, high-oleic fed animals were richer in Prevotella. We also found microbial ratios capable of separating animals by breeds and diets, mostly related to Actinobacteria.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study reveals that both genetic background and diet composition might have a relevant impact in gut microbiota composition. The application of compositional data analysis has facilitated the identification of microorganisms and ratios as possibly related to metabolic changes due to genetic background and, to a lower extent, to dietary changes. This may lead to a relevant progress in the knowledge of interactions between pig genetics, environment and gut microbiota.
format	article
author	Adrián López-García Rita Benítez Yolanda Núñez Emilio Gómez-Izquierdo Eduardo de Mercado Juan M García-Casco Óscar González-Recio Clemente López-Bote Jordi Estellé Cristina Óvilo
author_facet	Adrián López-García Rita Benítez Yolanda Núñez Emilio Gómez-Izquierdo Eduardo de Mercado Juan M García-Casco Óscar González-Recio Clemente López-Bote Jordi Estellé Cristina Óvilo
author_sort	Adrián López-García
title	Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.
title_short	Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.
title_full	Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.
title_fullStr	Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.
title_sort	influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in duroc and iberian pigs.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/92c9769b938946e7b13e5ad72edbde7f
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Influence of genetic background and dietary oleic acid on gut microbiota composition in Duroc and Iberian pigs.

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