Budworm-linked warblers as early indicators of defoliation by spruce budworm: A field study
Outbreaks of eastern spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana; hereafter SBW) are a major natural disturbance in coniferous forests of eastern North America. These outbreaks provide a superabundant source of food for insectivorous birds. Three species, referred to as budworm-linked warblers, exhibit...
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Formato: | article |
Lenguaje: | EN |
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Elsevier
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/95ad74b0756b4a33a5489329d790c006 |
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