Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia

Abstract Previous research shows that dyslexic readers are impaired in their recognition of faces and other complex objects, and show hypoactivation in ventral visual stream regions that support word and object recognition. Responses of these brain regions are shaped by visual statistical learning....

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Autores principales:	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir, Hilda Bjork Danielsdottir, Margret Gudmundsdottir, Kristjan Helgi Hjartarson, Elin Astros Thorarinsdottir, Árni Kristjánsson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9645885499f94aafbaf820c3d4930140
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9645885499f94aafbaf820c3d49301402021-12-02T16:06:42ZProblems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia10.1038/s41598-017-00554-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9645885499f94aafbaf820c3d49301402017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00554-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Previous research shows that dyslexic readers are impaired in their recognition of faces and other complex objects, and show hypoactivation in ventral visual stream regions that support word and object recognition. Responses of these brain regions are shaped by visual statistical learning. If such learning is compromised, people should be less sensitive to statistically likely feature combinations in words and other objects, and impaired visual word and object recognition should be expected. We therefore tested whether people with dyslexia showed diminished capability for visual statistical learning. Matched dyslexic and typical readers participated in tests of visual statistical learning of pairs of novel shapes that frequently appeared together. Dyslexic readers on average recognized fewer pairs than typical readers, indicating some problems with visual statistical learning. These group differences were not accounted for by differences in intelligence, ability to remember individual shapes, or spatial attention paid to the stimuli, but other attentional problems could play a mediating role. Deficiencies in visual statistical learning may in some cases prevent appropriate experience-driven shaping of neuronal responses in the ventral visual stream, hampering visual word and object recognition.Heida Maria SigurdardottirHilda Bjork DanielsdottirMargret GudmundsdottirKristjan Helgi HjartarsonElin Astros ThorarinsdottirÁrni KristjánssonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Heida Maria Sigurdardottir Hilda Bjork Danielsdottir Margret Gudmundsdottir Kristjan Helgi Hjartarson Elin Astros Thorarinsdottir Árni Kristjánsson Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
description	Abstract Previous research shows that dyslexic readers are impaired in their recognition of faces and other complex objects, and show hypoactivation in ventral visual stream regions that support word and object recognition. Responses of these brain regions are shaped by visual statistical learning. If such learning is compromised, people should be less sensitive to statistically likely feature combinations in words and other objects, and impaired visual word and object recognition should be expected. We therefore tested whether people with dyslexia showed diminished capability for visual statistical learning. Matched dyslexic and typical readers participated in tests of visual statistical learning of pairs of novel shapes that frequently appeared together. Dyslexic readers on average recognized fewer pairs than typical readers, indicating some problems with visual statistical learning. These group differences were not accounted for by differences in intelligence, ability to remember individual shapes, or spatial attention paid to the stimuli, but other attentional problems could play a mediating role. Deficiencies in visual statistical learning may in some cases prevent appropriate experience-driven shaping of neuronal responses in the ventral visual stream, hampering visual word and object recognition.
format	article
author	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir Hilda Bjork Danielsdottir Margret Gudmundsdottir Kristjan Helgi Hjartarson Elin Astros Thorarinsdottir Árni Kristjánsson
author_facet	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir Hilda Bjork Danielsdottir Margret Gudmundsdottir Kristjan Helgi Hjartarson Elin Astros Thorarinsdottir Árni Kristjánsson
author_sort	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir
title	Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
title_short	Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
title_full	Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
title_fullStr	Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
title_full_unstemmed	Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
title_sort	problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/9645885499f94aafbaf820c3d4930140
work_keys_str_mv	AT heidamariasigurdardottir problemswithvisualstatisticallearningindevelopmentaldyslexia AT hildabjorkdanielsdottir problemswithvisualstatisticallearningindevelopmentaldyslexia AT margretgudmundsdottir problemswithvisualstatisticallearningindevelopmentaldyslexia AT kristjanhelgihjartarson problemswithvisualstatisticallearningindevelopmentaldyslexia AT elinastrosthorarinsdottir problemswithvisualstatisticallearningindevelopmentaldyslexia AT arnikristjansson problemswithvisualstatisticallearningindevelopmentaldyslexia
_version_	1718384916535705600

Problems with visual statistical learning in developmental dyslexia

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