Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.

Toxoplasma gondii infects humans and warm blooded animals causing devastating disease worldwide. It has long been a mystery as to why the peritoneal macrophages of rats are naturally resistant to T. gondii infection while those of mice are not. Here, we report that high expression levels and activit...

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Autores principales:	Zhi Li, Zhi-Jun Zhao, Xing-Quan Zhu, Qing-Shi Ren, Fang-Fang Nie, Jiang-Mei Gao, Xiao-Jie Gao, Ting-Bao Yang, Wen-Liang Zhou, Ji-Long Shen, Yong Wang, Fang-Li Lu, Xiao-Guang Chen, Geoff Hide, Francisco J Ayala, Zhao-Rong Lun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/998e48b8cc674417a97f322ec944f001
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:998e48b8cc674417a97f322ec944f0012021-11-18T07:20:54ZDifferences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0035834https://doaj.org/article/998e48b8cc674417a97f322ec944f0012012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22558235/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Toxoplasma gondii infects humans and warm blooded animals causing devastating disease worldwide. It has long been a mystery as to why the peritoneal macrophages of rats are naturally resistant to T. gondii infection while those of mice are not. Here, we report that high expression levels and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and low levels of arginase-1 (Arg 1) activity in the peritoneal macrophages of rats are responsible for their resistance against T. gondii infection, due to high nitric oxide and low polyamines within these cells. The opposite situation was observed in the peritoneal macrophages of mice. This discovery of the opposing functions of iNOS and Arg 1 in rodent peritoneal macrophages may lead to a better understanding of the resistance mechanisms of mammals, particularly humans and livestock, against T. gondii and other intracellular pathogens.Zhi LiZhi-Jun ZhaoXing-Quan ZhuQing-Shi RenFang-Fang NieJiang-Mei GaoXiao-Jie GaoTing-Bao YangWen-Liang ZhouJi-Long ShenYong WangFang-Li LuXiao-Guang ChenGeoff HideFrancisco J AyalaZhao-Rong LunPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 4, p e35834 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhi Li Zhi-Jun Zhao Xing-Quan Zhu Qing-Shi Ren Fang-Fang Nie Jiang-Mei Gao Xiao-Jie Gao Ting-Bao Yang Wen-Liang Zhou Ji-Long Shen Yong Wang Fang-Li Lu Xiao-Guang Chen Geoff Hide Francisco J Ayala Zhao-Rong Lun Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.
description	Toxoplasma gondii infects humans and warm blooded animals causing devastating disease worldwide. It has long been a mystery as to why the peritoneal macrophages of rats are naturally resistant to T. gondii infection while those of mice are not. Here, we report that high expression levels and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and low levels of arginase-1 (Arg 1) activity in the peritoneal macrophages of rats are responsible for their resistance against T. gondii infection, due to high nitric oxide and low polyamines within these cells. The opposite situation was observed in the peritoneal macrophages of mice. This discovery of the opposing functions of iNOS and Arg 1 in rodent peritoneal macrophages may lead to a better understanding of the resistance mechanisms of mammals, particularly humans and livestock, against T. gondii and other intracellular pathogens.
format	article
author	Zhi Li Zhi-Jun Zhao Xing-Quan Zhu Qing-Shi Ren Fang-Fang Nie Jiang-Mei Gao Xiao-Jie Gao Ting-Bao Yang Wen-Liang Zhou Ji-Long Shen Yong Wang Fang-Li Lu Xiao-Guang Chen Geoff Hide Francisco J Ayala Zhao-Rong Lun
author_facet	Zhi Li Zhi-Jun Zhao Xing-Quan Zhu Qing-Shi Ren Fang-Fang Nie Jiang-Mei Gao Xiao-Jie Gao Ting-Bao Yang Wen-Liang Zhou Ji-Long Shen Yong Wang Fang-Li Lu Xiao-Guang Chen Geoff Hide Francisco J Ayala Zhao-Rong Lun
author_sort	Zhi Li
title	Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.
title_short	Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.
title_full	Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.
title_fullStr	Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.
title_full_unstemmed	Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.
title_sort	differences in inos and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against t. gondii infection.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/998e48b8cc674417a97f322ec944f001
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Differences in iNOS and arginase expression and activity in the macrophages of rats are responsible for the resistance against T. gondii infection.

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