Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.

Mammalian development is strongly influenced by the epigenetic phenomenon called genomic imprinting, in which either the paternal or the maternal allele of imprinted genes is expressed. Paternally expressed Xist, an imprinted gene, has been considered as a single cis-acting factor to inactivate the...

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Autores principales:	Shin Kobayashi, Yasushi Totoki, Miki Soma, Kazuya Matsumoto, Yoshitaka Fujihara, Atsushi Toyoda, Yoshiyuki Sakaki, Masaru Okabe, Fumitoshi Ishino
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9bafbfc8e4574b77902312b5247ace18
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9bafbfc8e4574b77902312b5247ace182021-11-18T09:00:56ZIdentification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0071222https://doaj.org/article/9bafbfc8e4574b77902312b5247ace182013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23940725/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Mammalian development is strongly influenced by the epigenetic phenomenon called genomic imprinting, in which either the paternal or the maternal allele of imprinted genes is expressed. Paternally expressed Xist, an imprinted gene, has been considered as a single cis-acting factor to inactivate the paternally inherited X chromosome (Xp) in preimplantation mouse embryos. This means that X-chromosome inactivation also entails gene imprinting at a very early developmental stage. However, the precise mechanism of imprinted X-chromosome inactivation remains unknown and there is little information about imprinted genes on X chromosomes. In this study, we examined whether there are other imprinted genes than Xist expressed from the inactive paternal X chromosome and expressed in female embryos at the preimplantation stage. We focused on small RNAs and compared their expression patterns between sexes by tagging the female X chromosome with green fluorescent protein. As a result, we identified two micro (mi)RNAs-miR-374-5p and miR-421-3p-mapped adjacent to Xist that were predominantly expressed in female blastocysts. Allelic expression analysis revealed that these miRNAs were indeed imprinted and expressed from the Xp. Further analysis of the imprinting status of adjacent locus led to the discovery of a large cluster of imprinted genes expressed from the Xp: Jpx, Ftx and Zcchc13. To our knowledge, this is the first identified cluster of imprinted genes in the cis-acting regulatory region termed the X-inactivation center. This finding may help in understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating imprinted X-chromosome inactivation during early mammalian development.Shin KobayashiYasushi TotokiMiki SomaKazuya MatsumotoYoshitaka FujiharaAtsushi ToyodaYoshiyuki SakakiMasaru OkabeFumitoshi IshinoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e71222 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shin Kobayashi Yasushi Totoki Miki Soma Kazuya Matsumoto Yoshitaka Fujihara Atsushi Toyoda Yoshiyuki Sakaki Masaru Okabe Fumitoshi Ishino Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.
description	Mammalian development is strongly influenced by the epigenetic phenomenon called genomic imprinting, in which either the paternal or the maternal allele of imprinted genes is expressed. Paternally expressed Xist, an imprinted gene, has been considered as a single cis-acting factor to inactivate the paternally inherited X chromosome (Xp) in preimplantation mouse embryos. This means that X-chromosome inactivation also entails gene imprinting at a very early developmental stage. However, the precise mechanism of imprinted X-chromosome inactivation remains unknown and there is little information about imprinted genes on X chromosomes. In this study, we examined whether there are other imprinted genes than Xist expressed from the inactive paternal X chromosome and expressed in female embryos at the preimplantation stage. We focused on small RNAs and compared their expression patterns between sexes by tagging the female X chromosome with green fluorescent protein. As a result, we identified two micro (mi)RNAs-miR-374-5p and miR-421-3p-mapped adjacent to Xist that were predominantly expressed in female blastocysts. Allelic expression analysis revealed that these miRNAs were indeed imprinted and expressed from the Xp. Further analysis of the imprinting status of adjacent locus led to the discovery of a large cluster of imprinted genes expressed from the Xp: Jpx, Ftx and Zcchc13. To our knowledge, this is the first identified cluster of imprinted genes in the cis-acting regulatory region termed the X-inactivation center. This finding may help in understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating imprinted X-chromosome inactivation during early mammalian development.
format	article
author	Shin Kobayashi Yasushi Totoki Miki Soma Kazuya Matsumoto Yoshitaka Fujihara Atsushi Toyoda Yoshiyuki Sakaki Masaru Okabe Fumitoshi Ishino
author_facet	Shin Kobayashi Yasushi Totoki Miki Soma Kazuya Matsumoto Yoshitaka Fujihara Atsushi Toyoda Yoshiyuki Sakaki Masaru Okabe Fumitoshi Ishino
author_sort	Shin Kobayashi
title	Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.
title_short	Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.
title_full	Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.
title_fullStr	Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.
title_sort	identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the x-inactivation center.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/9bafbfc8e4574b77902312b5247ace18
work_keys_str_mv	AT shinkobayashi identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT yasushitotoki identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT mikisoma identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT kazuyamatsumoto identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT yoshitakafujihara identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT atsushitoyoda identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT yoshiyukisakaki identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT masaruokabe identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter AT fumitoshiishino identificationofanimprintedgeneclusterinthexinactivationcenter
_version_	1718421038523482112

Identification of an imprinted gene cluster in the X-inactivation center.

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