Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows

The aim of this research was to identify the relationship of calvin ease and level of in-line milk urea (MU) and other milk components, namely milk yield (MY), electrical conductivity (EC), milk fat (MF), milk protein (MP), milk fat/protein ratio (MF/MP), and somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cows....

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Autores principales:	Mindaugas Televičius, Ramūnas Antanaitis, Vida Juozaitienė, Algimantas Paulauskas, Dovilė Malašauskienė, Mingaudas Urbutis, Walter Baumgartner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	in-line milk urea milk composition calving ease Agriculture (General) S1-972
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a42ff2526eaf49379a41662a80dd62bb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a42ff2526eaf49379a41662a80dd62bb2021-11-25T16:01:18ZInfluence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows10.3390/agriculture111111592077-0472https://doaj.org/article/a42ff2526eaf49379a41662a80dd62bb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1159https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472The aim of this research was to identify the relationship of calvin ease and level of in-line milk urea (MU) and other milk components, namely milk yield (MY), electrical conductivity (EC), milk fat (MF), milk protein (MP), milk fat/protein ratio (MF/MP), and somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cows. The cows for the research were selected following such criteria: cows were tested within the period of up to the first 30 days after calving and had had a range of lactation numbers from two to four. Each selected farm housed more than 500 dairy cows and a total of 4712 calving cases from the eight dairy farms were studied and evaluated. The 4-point scale was used for the evaluation of the calving according to the point value meanings where 1 = easy, unassisted; 2 = easy, assisted; 3 = difficult, assisted; 4 = difficult, requiring veterinary intervention. A total of 4712 calving cases were researched and scored. The chemical properties of milk in all research cows were analyzed during the early phase of lactation (from the onset of calving to 30 days past calving) every day, during each milking. Cows were classified into groups according to the level of urea in milk: Group 1 had MU ≤ 15 mg/dL (12.6% of cows), Group 2 had MU 16–30 mg/dL (62.4% of cows), and Group 3 had MU > 30 mg/dL (25.0% of cows). We found that cows with milk urea levels between 16 and 30 mg/dL had the lowest incidence of dystocia, and also the highest concentration of milk lactose (ML ≥ 4.6%), the lowest mean value of milk electrical conductivity, and the lowest value of milk SCC. Dystocia increased the risk of somatic cell growth in cow’s milk above the herd average (OR = 1.364; 95% CI = 1.184–1.571, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and normal urea in milk reduced this risk (OR = 0.749; 95% CI = 0.642–0.869, <i>p</i> = 0.05). In all groups of cows, according to the level of urea in milk, the productivity of cows without dystocia at calving was higher (2.50–5.51 kg) as well as the milk protein % (0.13–0.21%) and milk lactose % (0.07–0.19%). We concluded that, in all groups of cows, according to the level of urea in milk, the productivity and milk lactose concentration of cows without dystocia at calving was higher, and lower somatic cells count and electrical conductivity values were found in the milk compared with cows diagnosed with dystocia at calving. We can state that dystocia has a negative effect on milk urea concentration and can increase the risk of mastitis.Mindaugas TelevičiusRamūnas AntanaitisVida JuozaitienėAlgimantas PaulauskasDovilė MalašauskienėMingaudas UrbutisWalter BaumgartnerMDPI AGarticlein-linemilk ureamilk compositioncalving easeAgriculture (General)S1-972ENAgriculture, Vol 11, Iss 1159, p 1159 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	in-line milk urea milk composition calving ease Agriculture (General) S1-972
spellingShingle	in-line milk urea milk composition calving ease Agriculture (General) S1-972 Mindaugas Televičius Ramūnas Antanaitis Vida Juozaitienė Algimantas Paulauskas Dovilė Malašauskienė Mingaudas Urbutis Walter Baumgartner Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
description	The aim of this research was to identify the relationship of calvin ease and level of in-line milk urea (MU) and other milk components, namely milk yield (MY), electrical conductivity (EC), milk fat (MF), milk protein (MP), milk fat/protein ratio (MF/MP), and somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cows. The cows for the research were selected following such criteria: cows were tested within the period of up to the first 30 days after calving and had had a range of lactation numbers from two to four. Each selected farm housed more than 500 dairy cows and a total of 4712 calving cases from the eight dairy farms were studied and evaluated. The 4-point scale was used for the evaluation of the calving according to the point value meanings where 1 = easy, unassisted; 2 = easy, assisted; 3 = difficult, assisted; 4 = difficult, requiring veterinary intervention. A total of 4712 calving cases were researched and scored. The chemical properties of milk in all research cows were analyzed during the early phase of lactation (from the onset of calving to 30 days past calving) every day, during each milking. Cows were classified into groups according to the level of urea in milk: Group 1 had MU ≤ 15 mg/dL (12.6% of cows), Group 2 had MU 16–30 mg/dL (62.4% of cows), and Group 3 had MU > 30 mg/dL (25.0% of cows). We found that cows with milk urea levels between 16 and 30 mg/dL had the lowest incidence of dystocia, and also the highest concentration of milk lactose (ML ≥ 4.6%), the lowest mean value of milk electrical conductivity, and the lowest value of milk SCC. Dystocia increased the risk of somatic cell growth in cow’s milk above the herd average (OR = 1.364; 95% CI = 1.184–1.571, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and normal urea in milk reduced this risk (OR = 0.749; 95% CI = 0.642–0.869, <i>p</i> = 0.05). In all groups of cows, according to the level of urea in milk, the productivity of cows without dystocia at calving was higher (2.50–5.51 kg) as well as the milk protein % (0.13–0.21%) and milk lactose % (0.07–0.19%). We concluded that, in all groups of cows, according to the level of urea in milk, the productivity and milk lactose concentration of cows without dystocia at calving was higher, and lower somatic cells count and electrical conductivity values were found in the milk compared with cows diagnosed with dystocia at calving. We can state that dystocia has a negative effect on milk urea concentration and can increase the risk of mastitis.
format	article
author	Mindaugas Televičius Ramūnas Antanaitis Vida Juozaitienė Algimantas Paulauskas Dovilė Malašauskienė Mingaudas Urbutis Walter Baumgartner
author_facet	Mindaugas Televičius Ramūnas Antanaitis Vida Juozaitienė Algimantas Paulauskas Dovilė Malašauskienė Mingaudas Urbutis Walter Baumgartner
author_sort	Mindaugas Televičius
title	Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
title_short	Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
title_full	Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
title_fullStr	Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
title_sort	influence of calving ease on in-line milk urea and relationship with other milk characteristics in dairy cows
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a42ff2526eaf49379a41662a80dd62bb
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Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows

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