Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy

The increasing popularity of pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i> L.), driven by the awareness of its nutraceutical properties and excellent environmental adaptability, is promoting a global expansion of its production area. This investigation reports the variability in the weight, moistu...

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Autores principales:	Anna Montefusco, Miriana Durante, Danilo Migoni, Monica De Caroli, Riadh Ilahy, Zoltán Pék, Lajos Helyes, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Giovanni Mita, Gabriella Piro, Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	agri-food by-products antioxidants ascorbic acid flavonoids fruit peels juices Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ab72bcab54354cad89147ed58d08af82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ab72bcab54354cad89147ed58d08af822021-11-25T18:47:20ZAnalysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy10.3390/plants101125212223-7747https://doaj.org/article/ab72bcab54354cad89147ed58d08af822021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2521https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747The increasing popularity of pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i> L.), driven by the awareness of its nutraceutical properties and excellent environmental adaptability, is promoting a global expansion of its production area. This investigation reports the variability in the weight, moisture, pH, total soluble solids, carbohydrates, organic acids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, antioxidant activities, and element composition of different fruit parts (juices, peels, and kernels) from four (Ako, Emek, Kamel, and Wonderful One) of the most widely cultivated Israeli pomegranate varieties in Salento (South Italy). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic characterization of different fruit parts from pomegranate cultivars grown simultaneously in the same orchard and subjected to identical agronomic and environmental conditions. Significant genotype-dependent variability was observed for many of the investigated parameters, though without any correlation among fruit parts. The levels of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids of all samples were higher than the literature-reported data, as was the antioxidant activity. This is likely due to positive interactions among genotypes, the environment, and good agricultural practices. This study also confirms that pomegranate kernels and peels are, respectively, rich sources of punicic acid and phenols together, with several other bioactive molecules. However, the variability in their levels emphasizes the need for further research to better exploit their agro-industrial potential and thereby increase juice-production chain sustainability. This study will help to assist breeders and growers to respond to consumer and industrial preferences and encourage the development of biorefinery strategies for the utilization of pomegranate by-products as nutraceuticals or value-added ingredients for custom-tailored supplemented foods.Anna MontefuscoMiriana DuranteDanilo MigoniMonica De CaroliRiadh IlahyZoltán PékLajos HelyesFrancesco Paolo FanizziGiovanni MitaGabriella PiroMarcello Salvatore LenucciMDPI AGarticleagri-food by-productsantioxidantsascorbic acidflavonoidsfruit peelsjuicesBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2521, p 2521 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	agri-food by-products antioxidants ascorbic acid flavonoids fruit peels juices Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	agri-food by-products antioxidants ascorbic acid flavonoids fruit peels juices Botany QK1-989 Anna Montefusco Miriana Durante Danilo Migoni Monica De Caroli Riadh Ilahy Zoltán Pék Lajos Helyes Francesco Paolo Fanizzi Giovanni Mita Gabriella Piro Marcello Salvatore Lenucci Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy
description	The increasing popularity of pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i> L.), driven by the awareness of its nutraceutical properties and excellent environmental adaptability, is promoting a global expansion of its production area. This investigation reports the variability in the weight, moisture, pH, total soluble solids, carbohydrates, organic acids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, antioxidant activities, and element composition of different fruit parts (juices, peels, and kernels) from four (Ako, Emek, Kamel, and Wonderful One) of the most widely cultivated Israeli pomegranate varieties in Salento (South Italy). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic characterization of different fruit parts from pomegranate cultivars grown simultaneously in the same orchard and subjected to identical agronomic and environmental conditions. Significant genotype-dependent variability was observed for many of the investigated parameters, though without any correlation among fruit parts. The levels of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acids of all samples were higher than the literature-reported data, as was the antioxidant activity. This is likely due to positive interactions among genotypes, the environment, and good agricultural practices. This study also confirms that pomegranate kernels and peels are, respectively, rich sources of punicic acid and phenols together, with several other bioactive molecules. However, the variability in their levels emphasizes the need for further research to better exploit their agro-industrial potential and thereby increase juice-production chain sustainability. This study will help to assist breeders and growers to respond to consumer and industrial preferences and encourage the development of biorefinery strategies for the utilization of pomegranate by-products as nutraceuticals or value-added ingredients for custom-tailored supplemented foods.
format	article
author	Anna Montefusco Miriana Durante Danilo Migoni Monica De Caroli Riadh Ilahy Zoltán Pék Lajos Helyes Francesco Paolo Fanizzi Giovanni Mita Gabriella Piro Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
author_facet	Anna Montefusco Miriana Durante Danilo Migoni Monica De Caroli Riadh Ilahy Zoltán Pék Lajos Helyes Francesco Paolo Fanizzi Giovanni Mita Gabriella Piro Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
author_sort	Anna Montefusco
title	Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy
title_short	Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy
title_full	Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy
title_fullStr	Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy
title_full_unstemmed	Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy
title_sort	analysis of the phytochemical composition of pomegranate fruit juices, peels and kernels: a comparative study on four cultivars grown in southern italy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ab72bcab54354cad89147ed58d08af82
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Analysis of the Phytochemical Composition of Pomegranate Fruit Juices, Peels and Kernels: A Comparative Study on Four Cultivars Grown in Southern Italy

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