Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions
In this study, assessment of the antimicrobial activity of a novel, plasma-cured 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface was performed. In contrast to state-of-the-art sol–gel coatings, the plasma curing led t...
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/b18c6b09dedd430eb00471056b801de4 |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| id |
oai:doaj.org-article:b18c6b09dedd430eb00471056b801de4 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:b18c6b09dedd430eb00471056b801de42021-11-11T18:03:48ZAntimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions10.3390/ma142164881996-1944https://doaj.org/article/b18c6b09dedd430eb00471056b801de42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6488https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944In this study, assessment of the antimicrobial activity of a novel, plasma-cured 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface was performed. In contrast to state-of-the-art sol–gel coatings, the plasma curing led to a gradient in cross-linking with the highest values at the top of the coating. As a result, the coating behaved simultaneously hard, scratch-resistant, and tough, the latter due to the more flexible bulk of the coating toward the substrate. Further, the diffusion and permeation through the coating also increased toward the substrate. In our study, tests according to ISO 22196 showed antibacterial activity of the 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface against all bacterial strains tested, and we expanded the testing further using a “dry” evaluation without an aqueous contact phase, which confirmed the antimicrobial efficacy of the 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface. However, further investigation under exposure to soiling with the addition of 0.3% albumin, used to simulate organic load, led to a significant impairment in the antibacterial effect under both tested conditions. Furthermore, re-testing of the surface after disinfection with 70% ethanol led to a total loss of antibacterial activity. Our results showed that besides the mere application of an antimicrobial agent to a surface coating, it is also necessary to consider the future use of these surfaces in the experimental phase combining industry and science. Therefore, a number of tests corresponding to the utilization of the surface should be obligative on the basis of this assessment.Daniela ToplitschJürgen Markus LacknerAlexander Michael SchwanAndreas HintererPhilipp StögmüllerKerstin HornNatalie FritzlarAndreas PfuchClemens KittingerMDPI AGarticlecoppersol–gel surface coatingantibacterial surfaceISO 22196TechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6488, p 6488 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
copper sol–gel surface coating antibacterial surface ISO 22196 Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 |
| spellingShingle |
copper sol–gel surface coating antibacterial surface ISO 22196 Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Daniela Toplitsch Jürgen Markus Lackner Alexander Michael Schwan Andreas Hinterer Philipp Stögmüller Kerstin Horn Natalie Fritzlar Andreas Pfuch Clemens Kittinger Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions |
| description |
In this study, assessment of the antimicrobial activity of a novel, plasma-cured 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface was performed. In contrast to state-of-the-art sol–gel coatings, the plasma curing led to a gradient in cross-linking with the highest values at the top of the coating. As a result, the coating behaved simultaneously hard, scratch-resistant, and tough, the latter due to the more flexible bulk of the coating toward the substrate. Further, the diffusion and permeation through the coating also increased toward the substrate. In our study, tests according to ISO 22196 showed antibacterial activity of the 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface against all bacterial strains tested, and we expanded the testing further using a “dry” evaluation without an aqueous contact phase, which confirmed the antimicrobial efficacy of the 2.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface. However, further investigation under exposure to soiling with the addition of 0.3% albumin, used to simulate organic load, led to a significant impairment in the antibacterial effect under both tested conditions. Furthermore, re-testing of the surface after disinfection with 70% ethanol led to a total loss of antibacterial activity. Our results showed that besides the mere application of an antimicrobial agent to a surface coating, it is also necessary to consider the future use of these surfaces in the experimental phase combining industry and science. Therefore, a number of tests corresponding to the utilization of the surface should be obligative on the basis of this assessment. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Daniela Toplitsch Jürgen Markus Lackner Alexander Michael Schwan Andreas Hinterer Philipp Stögmüller Kerstin Horn Natalie Fritzlar Andreas Pfuch Clemens Kittinger |
| author_facet |
Daniela Toplitsch Jürgen Markus Lackner Alexander Michael Schwan Andreas Hinterer Philipp Stögmüller Kerstin Horn Natalie Fritzlar Andreas Pfuch Clemens Kittinger |
| author_sort |
Daniela Toplitsch |
| title |
Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions |
| title_short |
Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions |
| title_full |
Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions |
| title_fullStr |
Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-Containing Sol–Gel Surface under Different Testing Conditions |
| title_sort |
antimicrobial activity of a novel cu(no<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-containing sol–gel surface under different testing conditions |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/b18c6b09dedd430eb00471056b801de4 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT danielatoplitsch antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT jurgenmarkuslackner antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT alexandermichaelschwan antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT andreashinterer antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT philippstogmuller antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT kerstinhorn antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT nataliefritzlar antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT andreaspfuch antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions AT clemenskittinger antimicrobialactivityofanovelcunosub3subsub2subcontainingsolgelsurfaceunderdifferenttestingconditions |
| _version_ |
1718431963081080832 |