Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation

The membranes of endosomes, phagosomes and macropinosomes can become damaged by the physical properties of internalized cargo, by active pathogenic invasion or by cellular processes, including endocytic maturation. Loss of membrane integrity is often deleterious and is, therefore, prevented by mitig...

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Autores principales: Eleanor Childs, Conor M. Henry, Johnathan Canton, Caetano Reis e Sousa
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: The Royal Society 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/b8b323d935d047ccba6ca37209913795
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:b8b323d935d047ccba6ca372099137952021-11-10T08:06:37ZMaintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation10.1098/rsob.2101942046-2441https://doaj.org/article/b8b323d935d047ccba6ca372099137952021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.210194https://doaj.org/toc/2046-2441The membranes of endosomes, phagosomes and macropinosomes can become damaged by the physical properties of internalized cargo, by active pathogenic invasion or by cellular processes, including endocytic maturation. Loss of membrane integrity is often deleterious and is, therefore, prevented by mitigation and repair mechanisms. However, it can occasionally be beneficial and actively induced by cells. Here, we summarize the mechanisms by which cells, in particular phagocytes, try to prevent membrane damage and how, when this fails, they repair or destroy damaged endocytic organelles. We also detail how one type of phagocyte, the dendritic cell, can deliberately trigger localized damage to endocytic organelles to allow for major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of exogenous antigens and initiation of CD8+ T-cell responses to viruses and tumours. Our review highlights mechanisms for the regulation of endocytic organelle membrane integrity at the intersection of cell biology and immunology that could be co-opted for improving vaccination and intracellular drug delivery.Eleanor ChildsConor M. HenryJohnathan CantonCaetano Reis e SousaThe Royal Societyarticleendosomephagosomemembrane damagemembrane repaircross-presentationendosomal escapeBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENOpen Biology, Vol 11, Iss 11 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic endosome
phagosome
membrane damage
membrane repair
cross-presentation
endosomal escape
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
spellingShingle endosome
phagosome
membrane damage
membrane repair
cross-presentation
endosomal escape
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Eleanor Childs
Conor M. Henry
Johnathan Canton
Caetano Reis e Sousa
Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
description The membranes of endosomes, phagosomes and macropinosomes can become damaged by the physical properties of internalized cargo, by active pathogenic invasion or by cellular processes, including endocytic maturation. Loss of membrane integrity is often deleterious and is, therefore, prevented by mitigation and repair mechanisms. However, it can occasionally be beneficial and actively induced by cells. Here, we summarize the mechanisms by which cells, in particular phagocytes, try to prevent membrane damage and how, when this fails, they repair or destroy damaged endocytic organelles. We also detail how one type of phagocyte, the dendritic cell, can deliberately trigger localized damage to endocytic organelles to allow for major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of exogenous antigens and initiation of CD8+ T-cell responses to viruses and tumours. Our review highlights mechanisms for the regulation of endocytic organelle membrane integrity at the intersection of cell biology and immunology that could be co-opted for improving vaccination and intracellular drug delivery.
format article
author Eleanor Childs
Conor M. Henry
Johnathan Canton
Caetano Reis e Sousa
author_facet Eleanor Childs
Conor M. Henry
Johnathan Canton
Caetano Reis e Sousa
author_sort Eleanor Childs
title Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
title_short Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
title_full Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
title_fullStr Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
title_full_unstemmed Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
title_sort maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation
publisher The Royal Society
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/b8b323d935d047ccba6ca37209913795
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AT conormhenry maintenanceandlossofendocyticorganelleintegritymechanismsandimplicationsforantigencrosspresentation
AT johnathancanton maintenanceandlossofendocyticorganelleintegritymechanismsandimplicationsforantigencrosspresentation
AT caetanoreisesousa maintenanceandlossofendocyticorganelleintegritymechanismsandimplicationsforantigencrosspresentation
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