Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment

Abstract We often need to interact with targets that move along arbitrary trajectories in the 3D scene. In these situations, information of parameters like speed, time-to-contact, or motion direction is required to solve a broad class of timing tasks (e.g., shooting, or interception). There is a lar...

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Autores principales:	Joan López-Moliner, Cristina de la Malla
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb57a42800d94bbea5568b5dbf10de59
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:bb57a42800d94bbea5568b5dbf10de59
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb57a42800d94bbea5568b5dbf10de592021-11-14T12:19:03ZMotion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment10.1038/s41598-021-01397-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bb57a42800d94bbea5568b5dbf10de592021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01397-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We often need to interact with targets that move along arbitrary trajectories in the 3D scene. In these situations, information of parameters like speed, time-to-contact, or motion direction is required to solve a broad class of timing tasks (e.g., shooting, or interception). There is a large body of literature addressing how we estimate different parameters when objects move both in the fronto-parallel plane and in depth. However, we do not know to which extent the timing of interceptive actions is affected when motion-in-depth (MID) is involved. Unlike previous studies that have looked at the timing of interceptive actions using constant distances and fronto-parallel motion, we here use immersive virtual reality to look at how differences in the above-mentioned variables influence timing errors in a shooting task performed in a 3D environment. Participants had to shoot at targets that moved following different angles of approach with respect to the observer when those reached designated shooting locations. We recorded the shooting time, the temporal and spatial errors and the head’s position and orientation in two conditions that differed in the interval between the shot and the interception of the target’s path. Results show a consistent change in the temporal error across approaching angles: the larger the angle, the earlier the error. Interestingly, we also found different error patterns within a given angle that depended on whether participants tracked the whole target’s trajectory or only its end-point. These differences had larger impact when the target moved in depth and are consistent with underestimating motion-in-depth in the periphery. We conclude that the strategy participants use to track the target’s trajectory interacts with MID and affects timing performance.Joan López-MolinerCristina de la MallaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joan López-Moliner Cristina de la Malla Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
description	Abstract We often need to interact with targets that move along arbitrary trajectories in the 3D scene. In these situations, information of parameters like speed, time-to-contact, or motion direction is required to solve a broad class of timing tasks (e.g., shooting, or interception). There is a large body of literature addressing how we estimate different parameters when objects move both in the fronto-parallel plane and in depth. However, we do not know to which extent the timing of interceptive actions is affected when motion-in-depth (MID) is involved. Unlike previous studies that have looked at the timing of interceptive actions using constant distances and fronto-parallel motion, we here use immersive virtual reality to look at how differences in the above-mentioned variables influence timing errors in a shooting task performed in a 3D environment. Participants had to shoot at targets that moved following different angles of approach with respect to the observer when those reached designated shooting locations. We recorded the shooting time, the temporal and spatial errors and the head’s position and orientation in two conditions that differed in the interval between the shot and the interception of the target’s path. Results show a consistent change in the temporal error across approaching angles: the larger the angle, the earlier the error. Interestingly, we also found different error patterns within a given angle that depended on whether participants tracked the whole target’s trajectory or only its end-point. These differences had larger impact when the target moved in depth and are consistent with underestimating motion-in-depth in the periphery. We conclude that the strategy participants use to track the target’s trajectory interacts with MID and affects timing performance.
format	article
author	Joan López-Moliner Cristina de la Malla
author_facet	Joan López-Moliner Cristina de la Malla
author_sort	Joan López-Moliner
title	Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
title_short	Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
title_full	Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
title_fullStr	Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
title_full_unstemmed	Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
title_sort	motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb57a42800d94bbea5568b5dbf10de59
work_keys_str_mv	AT joanlopezmoliner motionindeptheffectsoninterceptivetimingerrorsinanimmersiveenvironment AT cristinadelamalla motionindeptheffectsoninterceptivetimingerrorsinanimmersiveenvironment
_version_	1718429311148490752

Motion-in-depth effects on interceptive timing errors in an immersive environment

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