The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Although children with ADHD made much more spelling errors, they had a distinct patter...

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Autores principales:	Amira Salah Lotfy, Mohammed El Sayed Darwish, Ehab Sayed Ramadan, Rania Makram Sidhom
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Dysgraphia Dyslexia Otorhinolaryngology RF1-547
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf343c37fa8249cba3a43cb90d92b2a1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf343c37fa8249cba3a43cb90d92b2a12021-11-07T12:06:52ZThe incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder10.1186/s43163-021-00178-71012-55742090-8539https://doaj.org/article/bf343c37fa8249cba3a43cb90d92b2a12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-021-00178-7https://doaj.org/toc/1012-5574https://doaj.org/toc/2090-8539Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Although children with ADHD made much more spelling errors, they had a distinct pattern of letter insertions, replacements, transpositions, and omissions. This mistake type is sometimes referred to as graphemic buffer errors, and it is caused by a lack of attention required for motor planning. The aim of study was to assess the incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with ADHD for better helping, diagnosis and management of those children. Results Ten percent of ADHD children had normal handwriting with no disability, 40% had excellent handwriting with a minimum of disability and 50% of ADHD children showed mild to moderate disability. There were significant differences between ADHD children and control children regarding results of each item on the subtest of handwriting of dysgraphia disability scale (DDS), respecting lines, spacing between words, letter direction, spelling a sentence, and punctuation. Drawing affected in ADHD children. The finger tapping speed was affected in almost ADHD children. Conclusions Dysgraphia highly presents in our sample of ADHD children with poor fine motor skills in ADHD children than normal children. ADHD children have illegible handwriting, not respecting lines, insufficient space between and within words, multiple spelling errors, and omissions of letters or words. Graphesthesia and stereognosis are affected more in ADHD children than in control children drawing and finger tapping speed affected in ADHD children.Amira Salah LotfyMohammed El Sayed DarwishEhab Sayed RamadanRania Makram SidhomSpringerOpenarticleAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorderDysgraphiaDyslexiaOtorhinolaryngologyRF1-547ENThe Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology, Vol 37, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Dysgraphia Dyslexia Otorhinolaryngology RF1-547
spellingShingle	Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Dysgraphia Dyslexia Otorhinolaryngology RF1-547 Amira Salah Lotfy Mohammed El Sayed Darwish Ehab Sayed Ramadan Rania Makram Sidhom The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
description	Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Although children with ADHD made much more spelling errors, they had a distinct pattern of letter insertions, replacements, transpositions, and omissions. This mistake type is sometimes referred to as graphemic buffer errors, and it is caused by a lack of attention required for motor planning. The aim of study was to assess the incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with ADHD for better helping, diagnosis and management of those children. Results Ten percent of ADHD children had normal handwriting with no disability, 40% had excellent handwriting with a minimum of disability and 50% of ADHD children showed mild to moderate disability. There were significant differences between ADHD children and control children regarding results of each item on the subtest of handwriting of dysgraphia disability scale (DDS), respecting lines, spacing between words, letter direction, spelling a sentence, and punctuation. Drawing affected in ADHD children. The finger tapping speed was affected in almost ADHD children. Conclusions Dysgraphia highly presents in our sample of ADHD children with poor fine motor skills in ADHD children than normal children. ADHD children have illegible handwriting, not respecting lines, insufficient space between and within words, multiple spelling errors, and omissions of letters or words. Graphesthesia and stereognosis are affected more in ADHD children than in control children drawing and finger tapping speed affected in ADHD children.
format	article
author	Amira Salah Lotfy Mohammed El Sayed Darwish Ehab Sayed Ramadan Rania Makram Sidhom
author_facet	Amira Salah Lotfy Mohammed El Sayed Darwish Ehab Sayed Ramadan Rania Makram Sidhom
author_sort	Amira Salah Lotfy
title	The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_short	The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_full	The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_fullStr	The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_full_unstemmed	The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
title_sort	incidence of dysgraphia in arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf343c37fa8249cba3a43cb90d92b2a1
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The incidence of dysgraphia in Arabic language in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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