Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.

The endpoint dilution assay's output, the 50% infectious dose (ID50), is calculated using the Reed-Muench or Spearman-Kärber mathematical approximations, which are biased and often miscalculated. We introduce a replacement for the ID50 that we call Specific INfection (SIN) along with a free and...

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Autores principales:	Daniel Cresta, Donald C Warren, Christian Quirouette, Amanda P Smith, Lindey C Lane, Amber M Smith, Catherine A A Beauchemin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ceaf78c8923c45f0a7ea8d8aea1bad0b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ceaf78c8923c45f0a7ea8d8aea1bad0b2021-12-02T19:57:29ZTime to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1009480https://doaj.org/article/ceaf78c8923c45f0a7ea8d8aea1bad0b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009480https://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358The endpoint dilution assay's output, the 50% infectious dose (ID50), is calculated using the Reed-Muench or Spearman-Kärber mathematical approximations, which are biased and often miscalculated. We introduce a replacement for the ID50 that we call Specific INfection (SIN) along with a free and open-source web-application, midSIN (https://midsin.physics.ryerson.ca) to calculate it. midSIN computes a virus sample's SIN concentration using Bayesian inference based on the results of a standard endpoint dilution assay, and requires no changes to current experimental protocols. We analyzed influenza and respiratory syncytial virus samples using midSIN and demonstrated that the SIN/mL reliably corresponds to the number of infections a sample will cause per mL. It can therefore be used directly to achieve a desired multiplicity of infection, similarly to how plaque or focus forming units (PFU, FFU) are used. midSIN's estimates are shown to be more accurate and robust than the Reed-Muench and Spearman-Kärber approximations. The impact of endpoint dilution plate design choices (dilution factor, replicates per dilution) on measurement accuracy is also explored. The simplicity of SIN as a measure and the greater accuracy provided by midSIN make them an easy and superior replacement for the TCID50 and other in vitro culture ID50 measures. We hope to see their universal adoption to measure the infectivity of virus samples.Daniel CrestaDonald C WarrenChristian QuirouetteAmanda P SmithLindey C LaneAmber M SmithCatherine A A BeaucheminPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 17, Iss 10, p e1009480 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Daniel Cresta Donald C Warren Christian Quirouette Amanda P Smith Lindey C Lane Amber M Smith Catherine A A Beauchemin Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
description	The endpoint dilution assay's output, the 50% infectious dose (ID50), is calculated using the Reed-Muench or Spearman-Kärber mathematical approximations, which are biased and often miscalculated. We introduce a replacement for the ID50 that we call Specific INfection (SIN) along with a free and open-source web-application, midSIN (https://midsin.physics.ryerson.ca) to calculate it. midSIN computes a virus sample's SIN concentration using Bayesian inference based on the results of a standard endpoint dilution assay, and requires no changes to current experimental protocols. We analyzed influenza and respiratory syncytial virus samples using midSIN and demonstrated that the SIN/mL reliably corresponds to the number of infections a sample will cause per mL. It can therefore be used directly to achieve a desired multiplicity of infection, similarly to how plaque or focus forming units (PFU, FFU) are used. midSIN's estimates are shown to be more accurate and robust than the Reed-Muench and Spearman-Kärber approximations. The impact of endpoint dilution plate design choices (dilution factor, replicates per dilution) on measurement accuracy is also explored. The simplicity of SIN as a measure and the greater accuracy provided by midSIN make them an easy and superior replacement for the TCID50 and other in vitro culture ID50 measures. We hope to see their universal adoption to measure the infectivity of virus samples.
format	article
author	Daniel Cresta Donald C Warren Christian Quirouette Amanda P Smith Lindey C Lane Amber M Smith Catherine A A Beauchemin
author_facet	Daniel Cresta Donald C Warren Christian Quirouette Amanda P Smith Lindey C Lane Amber M Smith Catherine A A Beauchemin
author_sort	Daniel Cresta
title	Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
title_short	Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
title_full	Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
title_fullStr	Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
title_full_unstemmed	Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
title_sort	time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the tcid50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ceaf78c8923c45f0a7ea8d8aea1bad0b
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Time to revisit the endpoint dilution assay and to replace the TCID50 as a measure of a virus sample's infection concentration.

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