Charging effect induced by electron beam irradiation: a review

Charging effect frequently occurs when characterizing nonconductive materials using electrons as probes and/or signals and can impede the acquisition of useful information about the material under investigation. It is not adequate to investigate it merely by experiments, but theoretical investigatio...

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Autores principales: Z.J. Ding, Chao Li, Bo Da, Jiangwei Liu
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Group 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/d5e4576848694b0ca005da694be3755f
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