Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina
Street food (SF) and takeaway food (TAF) are important sources of out-of-home meals in urban Bosnia and Herzegovina, where diet-related non-communicable diseases are growing rapidly. This study aimed to characterise SF and TAF purchased in urban areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina, regarding customers’...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:d7067321fdc7466f8491836de74952d22021-11-25T17:33:08ZNutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina10.3390/foods101125942304-8158https://doaj.org/article/d7067321fdc7466f8491836de74952d22021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2594https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Street food (SF) and takeaway food (TAF) are important sources of out-of-home meals in urban Bosnia and Herzegovina, where diet-related non-communicable diseases are growing rapidly. This study aimed to characterise SF and TAF purchased in urban areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina, regarding customers’ characteristics and the nutritional composition of the foods and beverages. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sarajevo and Banja Luka in 2017. SF (<i>n</i> = 194) and TAF vending sites (<i>n</i> = 154) were selected through random and systematic sampling. Data on the food items purchased and customers’ characteristics were collected by direct observation. Nutritional composition was estimated using data from chemical analyses of the foods most commonly available. Two-thirds of the customers observed (<i>n</i> = 755) were aged ≥35 years, half were women and 27.7% were overweight/obese. A total of 929 food items were purchased. The most commonly bought SFs were confectionery (30.5%), water (27.9%) and soft drinks/juices (22.2%). TAF customers purchased mostly savoury pastries (39.8%), breads (27.1%) and main dishes (21.4%). Almost half of customers purchased industrial food (i.e., pre-packaged foods and beverages produced by the food industry). The purchases presented median contents of 18.7 g of fat (39.6% saturated, 32.3% monounsaturated, 22.1% polyunsaturated, 1.5% trans), 838 mg of sodium and 285 mg of potassium. Saturated-fat contribution was higher in SF purchases (60.4% vs. 30.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas TAF purchases presented higher trans-fat proportion (1.8% vs. 0.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), sodium (1241 vs. 89 mg, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and sodium-potassium ratio (6.1 vs. 0.6, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Generally, SF and TAF bought in Sarajevo and Banja Luka were rich in saturated and trans fatty-acids and sodium, and poor in potassium. Nutrition policies promoting use of healthier fats and salt reduction in SF and TAF may contribute to the prevention of diet-related diseases in these settings.Sofia SousaInês Lança de MoraisGabriela AlbuquerqueMarcello GelorminiMariana SantosAida Filipović-HadžiomeragićDragana StojisavljevicAlbertino DamascenoPedro MoreiraJoão BredaNuno LunetPatrícia PadrãoMDPI AGarticlestreet foodtakeaway foodnutritional valuenutrition transitionEastern EuropeChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2594, p 2594 (2021) |
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street food takeaway food nutritional value nutrition transition Eastern Europe Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
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street food takeaway food nutritional value nutrition transition Eastern Europe Chemical technology TP1-1185 Sofia Sousa Inês Lança de Morais Gabriela Albuquerque Marcello Gelormini Mariana Santos Aida Filipović-Hadžiomeragić Dragana Stojisavljevic Albertino Damasceno Pedro Moreira João Breda Nuno Lunet Patrícia Padrão Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| description |
Street food (SF) and takeaway food (TAF) are important sources of out-of-home meals in urban Bosnia and Herzegovina, where diet-related non-communicable diseases are growing rapidly. This study aimed to characterise SF and TAF purchased in urban areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina, regarding customers’ characteristics and the nutritional composition of the foods and beverages. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sarajevo and Banja Luka in 2017. SF (<i>n</i> = 194) and TAF vending sites (<i>n</i> = 154) were selected through random and systematic sampling. Data on the food items purchased and customers’ characteristics were collected by direct observation. Nutritional composition was estimated using data from chemical analyses of the foods most commonly available. Two-thirds of the customers observed (<i>n</i> = 755) were aged ≥35 years, half were women and 27.7% were overweight/obese. A total of 929 food items were purchased. The most commonly bought SFs were confectionery (30.5%), water (27.9%) and soft drinks/juices (22.2%). TAF customers purchased mostly savoury pastries (39.8%), breads (27.1%) and main dishes (21.4%). Almost half of customers purchased industrial food (i.e., pre-packaged foods and beverages produced by the food industry). The purchases presented median contents of 18.7 g of fat (39.6% saturated, 32.3% monounsaturated, 22.1% polyunsaturated, 1.5% trans), 838 mg of sodium and 285 mg of potassium. Saturated-fat contribution was higher in SF purchases (60.4% vs. 30.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas TAF purchases presented higher trans-fat proportion (1.8% vs. 0.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), sodium (1241 vs. 89 mg, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and sodium-potassium ratio (6.1 vs. 0.6, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Generally, SF and TAF bought in Sarajevo and Banja Luka were rich in saturated and trans fatty-acids and sodium, and poor in potassium. Nutrition policies promoting use of healthier fats and salt reduction in SF and TAF may contribute to the prevention of diet-related diseases in these settings. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Sofia Sousa Inês Lança de Morais Gabriela Albuquerque Marcello Gelormini Mariana Santos Aida Filipović-Hadžiomeragić Dragana Stojisavljevic Albertino Damasceno Pedro Moreira João Breda Nuno Lunet Patrícia Padrão |
| author_facet |
Sofia Sousa Inês Lança de Morais Gabriela Albuquerque Marcello Gelormini Mariana Santos Aida Filipović-Hadžiomeragić Dragana Stojisavljevic Albertino Damasceno Pedro Moreira João Breda Nuno Lunet Patrícia Padrão |
| author_sort |
Sofia Sousa |
| title |
Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| title_short |
Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| title_full |
Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| title_fullStr |
Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Nutritional Content of Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchased in Urban Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| title_sort |
nutritional content of street food and takeaway food purchased in urban bosnia and herzegovina |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/d7067321fdc7466f8491836de74952d2 |
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