Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning
Influential theories emphasize the importance of predictions in learning: we learn from feedback to the extent that it is surprising, and thus conveys new information. Here, we explore the hypothesis that surprise depends not only on comparing current events to past experience, but also on online ev...
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:e68cf200493a454991ac2d0b2e114ba72021-11-23T16:56:09ZResponse-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning10.7554/eLife.628252050-084Xe62825https://doaj.org/article/e68cf200493a454991ac2d0b2e114ba72021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://elifesciences.org/articles/62825https://doaj.org/toc/2050-084XInfluential theories emphasize the importance of predictions in learning: we learn from feedback to the extent that it is surprising, and thus conveys new information. Here, we explore the hypothesis that surprise depends not only on comparing current events to past experience, but also on online evaluation of performance via internal monitoring. Specifically, we propose that people leverage insights from response-based performance monitoring – outcome predictions and confidence – to control learning from feedback. In line with predictions from a Bayesian inference model, we find that people who are better at calibrating their confidence to the precision of their outcome predictions learn more quickly. Further in line with our proposal, EEG signatures of feedback processing are sensitive to the accuracy of, and confidence in, post-response outcome predictions. Taken together, our results suggest that online predictions and confidence serve to calibrate neural error signals to improve the efficiency of learning.Romy FrömerMatthew R NassarRasmus BrucknerBirgit StürmerWerner SommerNick YeungeLife Sciences Publications LtdarticlehumanmetacognitionlearningMedicineRScienceQBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENeLife, Vol 10 (2021) |
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human metacognition learning Medicine R Science Q Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
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human metacognition learning Medicine R Science Q Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Romy Frömer Matthew R Nassar Rasmus Bruckner Birgit Stürmer Werner Sommer Nick Yeung Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
description |
Influential theories emphasize the importance of predictions in learning: we learn from feedback to the extent that it is surprising, and thus conveys new information. Here, we explore the hypothesis that surprise depends not only on comparing current events to past experience, but also on online evaluation of performance via internal monitoring. Specifically, we propose that people leverage insights from response-based performance monitoring – outcome predictions and confidence – to control learning from feedback. In line with predictions from a Bayesian inference model, we find that people who are better at calibrating their confidence to the precision of their outcome predictions learn more quickly. Further in line with our proposal, EEG signatures of feedback processing are sensitive to the accuracy of, and confidence in, post-response outcome predictions. Taken together, our results suggest that online predictions and confidence serve to calibrate neural error signals to improve the efficiency of learning. |
format |
article |
author |
Romy Frömer Matthew R Nassar Rasmus Bruckner Birgit Stürmer Werner Sommer Nick Yeung |
author_facet |
Romy Frömer Matthew R Nassar Rasmus Bruckner Birgit Stürmer Werner Sommer Nick Yeung |
author_sort |
Romy Frömer |
title |
Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
title_short |
Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
title_full |
Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
title_fullStr |
Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
title_sort |
response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning |
publisher |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/e68cf200493a454991ac2d0b2e114ba7 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT romyfromer responsebasedoutcomepredictionsandconfidenceregulatefeedbackprocessingandlearning AT matthewrnassar responsebasedoutcomepredictionsandconfidenceregulatefeedbackprocessingandlearning AT rasmusbruckner responsebasedoutcomepredictionsandconfidenceregulatefeedbackprocessingandlearning AT birgitsturmer responsebasedoutcomepredictionsandconfidenceregulatefeedbackprocessingandlearning AT wernersommer responsebasedoutcomepredictionsandconfidenceregulatefeedbackprocessingandlearning AT nickyeung responsebasedoutcomepredictionsandconfidenceregulatefeedbackprocessingandlearning |
_version_ |
1718416246480830464 |