Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) play an important role in the development, maintenance, and function of the brain. Dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs in neurological diseases has been a subject of particular interest in preventing cognitive deficits, and particularly in age-related...

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Autores principales:	Elodie Passeri, Kamil Elkhoury, Maria Camila Jiménez Garavito, Frédéric Desor, Marion Huguet, Claire Soligot-Hognon, Michel Linder, Catherine Malaplate, Frances T. Yen, Elmira Arab-Tehrany
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 fatty acids nanoliposomes bioavailability brain cortical neurons Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e6fccfa4a3434b45b8faebc9c8e77d37
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e6fccfa4a3434b45b8faebc9c8e77d372021-11-11T17:17:05ZUse of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice10.3390/ijms2221118591422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/e6fccfa4a3434b45b8faebc9c8e77d372021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11859https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) play an important role in the development, maintenance, and function of the brain. Dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs in neurological diseases has been a subject of particular interest in preventing cognitive deficits, and particularly in age-related neurodegeneration. Developing strategies for the efficient delivery of these lipids to the brain has presented a challenge in recent years. We recently reported the preparation of n-3 PUFA-rich nanoliposomes (NLs) from salmon lecithin, and demonstrated their neurotrophic effects in rat embryo cortical neurons. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of these NLs to deliver PUFAs in cellulo and in vivo (in mice). NLs were prepared using salmon lecithin rich in n-3 PUFAs (29.13%), and characterized with an average size of 107.90 ± 0.35 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.25 ± 0.01, and a negative particle-surface electrical charge (−50.4 ± 0.2 mV). Incubation of rat embryo cortical neurons with NLs led to a significant increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (51.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), as well as palmitic acid, and a small decrease in oleic acid after 72 h (12.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Twenty mice on a standard diet received oral administration of NLs (12 mg/mouse/day; 5 days per week) for 8 weeks. Fatty acid profiles obtained via gas chromatography revealed significant increases in cortical levels of saturated, monounsaturated, and n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid,) and n-6 (docosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid) PUFAs. This was not the case for the hippocampus or in the liver. There were no effects on plasma lipid levels, and daily monitoring confirmed NL biocompatibility. These results demonstrate that NLs can be used for delivery of PUFAs to the brain. This study opens new research possibilities in the development of preventive as well as therapeutic strategies for age-related neurodegeneration.Elodie PasseriKamil ElkhouryMaria Camila Jiménez GaravitoFrédéric DesorMarion HuguetClaire Soligot-HognonMichel LinderCatherine MalaplateFrances T. YenElmira Arab-TehranyMDPI AGarticlepolyunsaturated fatty acidsomega-3 fatty acidsnanoliposomesbioavailabilitybraincortical neuronsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11859, p 11859 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 fatty acids nanoliposomes bioavailability brain cortical neurons Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 fatty acids nanoliposomes bioavailability brain cortical neurons Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Elodie Passeri Kamil Elkhoury Maria Camila Jiménez Garavito Frédéric Desor Marion Huguet Claire Soligot-Hognon Michel Linder Catherine Malaplate Frances T. Yen Elmira Arab-Tehrany Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice
description	Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) play an important role in the development, maintenance, and function of the brain. Dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs in neurological diseases has been a subject of particular interest in preventing cognitive deficits, and particularly in age-related neurodegeneration. Developing strategies for the efficient delivery of these lipids to the brain has presented a challenge in recent years. We recently reported the preparation of n-3 PUFA-rich nanoliposomes (NLs) from salmon lecithin, and demonstrated their neurotrophic effects in rat embryo cortical neurons. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of these NLs to deliver PUFAs in cellulo and in vivo (in mice). NLs were prepared using salmon lecithin rich in n-3 PUFAs (29.13%), and characterized with an average size of 107.90 ± 0.35 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.25 ± 0.01, and a negative particle-surface electrical charge (−50.4 ± 0.2 mV). Incubation of rat embryo cortical neurons with NLs led to a significant increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (51.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), as well as palmitic acid, and a small decrease in oleic acid after 72 h (12.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Twenty mice on a standard diet received oral administration of NLs (12 mg/mouse/day; 5 days per week) for 8 weeks. Fatty acid profiles obtained via gas chromatography revealed significant increases in cortical levels of saturated, monounsaturated, and n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid,) and n-6 (docosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid) PUFAs. This was not the case for the hippocampus or in the liver. There were no effects on plasma lipid levels, and daily monitoring confirmed NL biocompatibility. These results demonstrate that NLs can be used for delivery of PUFAs to the brain. This study opens new research possibilities in the development of preventive as well as therapeutic strategies for age-related neurodegeneration.
format	article
author	Elodie Passeri Kamil Elkhoury Maria Camila Jiménez Garavito Frédéric Desor Marion Huguet Claire Soligot-Hognon Michel Linder Catherine Malaplate Frances T. Yen Elmira Arab-Tehrany
author_facet	Elodie Passeri Kamil Elkhoury Maria Camila Jiménez Garavito Frédéric Desor Marion Huguet Claire Soligot-Hognon Michel Linder Catherine Malaplate Frances T. Yen Elmira Arab-Tehrany
author_sort	Elodie Passeri
title	Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice
title_short	Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice
title_full	Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice
title_fullStr	Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice
title_sort	use of active salmon-lecithin nanoliposomes to increase polyunsaturated fatty acid bioavailability in cortical neurons and mice
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e6fccfa4a3434b45b8faebc9c8e77d37
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Use of Active Salmon-Lecithin Nanoliposomes to Increase Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Bioavailability in Cortical Neurons and Mice

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