Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia

Abstract Faces and words are traditionally assumed to be independently processed. Dyslexia is also traditionally thought to be a non-visual deficit. Counter to both ideas, face perception deficits in dyslexia have been reported. Others report no such deficits. We sought to resolve this discrepancy....

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Autores principales:	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir, Alexandra Arnardottir, Eydis Thuridur Halldorsdottir
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e9df111f95924f438bf89ab0e40220c1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e9df111f95924f438bf89ab0e40220c12021-11-28T12:17:33ZFaces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia10.1038/s41598-021-02440-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e9df111f95924f438bf89ab0e40220c12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02440-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Faces and words are traditionally assumed to be independently processed. Dyslexia is also traditionally thought to be a non-visual deficit. Counter to both ideas, face perception deficits in dyslexia have been reported. Others report no such deficits. We sought to resolve this discrepancy. 60 adults participated in the study (24 dyslexic, 36 typical readers). Feature-based processing and configural or global form processing of faces was measured with a face matching task. Opposite laterality effects in these tasks, dependent on left–right orientation of faces, supported that they tapped into separable visual mechanisms. Dyslexic readers tended to be poorer than typical readers at feature-based face matching while no differences were found for global form face matching. We conclude that word and face perception are associated when the latter requires the processing of visual features of a face, while processing the global form of faces apparently shares minimal—if any—resources with visual word processing. The current results indicate that visual word and face processing are both associated and dissociated—but this depends on what visual mechanisms are task-relevant. We suggest that reading deficits could stem from multiple factors, and that one such factor is a problem with feature-based processing of visual objects.Heida Maria SigurdardottirAlexandra ArnardottirEydis Thuridur HalldorsdottirNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Heida Maria Sigurdardottir Alexandra Arnardottir Eydis Thuridur Halldorsdottir Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
description	Abstract Faces and words are traditionally assumed to be independently processed. Dyslexia is also traditionally thought to be a non-visual deficit. Counter to both ideas, face perception deficits in dyslexia have been reported. Others report no such deficits. We sought to resolve this discrepancy. 60 adults participated in the study (24 dyslexic, 36 typical readers). Feature-based processing and configural or global form processing of faces was measured with a face matching task. Opposite laterality effects in these tasks, dependent on left–right orientation of faces, supported that they tapped into separable visual mechanisms. Dyslexic readers tended to be poorer than typical readers at feature-based face matching while no differences were found for global form face matching. We conclude that word and face perception are associated when the latter requires the processing of visual features of a face, while processing the global form of faces apparently shares minimal—if any—resources with visual word processing. The current results indicate that visual word and face processing are both associated and dissociated—but this depends on what visual mechanisms are task-relevant. We suggest that reading deficits could stem from multiple factors, and that one such factor is a problem with feature-based processing of visual objects.
format	article
author	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir Alexandra Arnardottir Eydis Thuridur Halldorsdottir
author_facet	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir Alexandra Arnardottir Eydis Thuridur Halldorsdottir
author_sort	Heida Maria Sigurdardottir
title	Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
title_short	Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
title_full	Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
title_fullStr	Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
title_full_unstemmed	Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
title_sort	faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e9df111f95924f438bf89ab0e40220c1
work_keys_str_mv	AT heidamariasigurdardottir facesandwordsarebothassociatedanddissociatedasevidencedbyvisualproblemsindyslexia AT alexandraarnardottir facesandwordsarebothassociatedanddissociatedasevidencedbyvisualproblemsindyslexia AT eydisthuridurhalldorsdottir facesandwordsarebothassociatedanddissociatedasevidencedbyvisualproblemsindyslexia
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Faces and words are both associated and dissociated as evidenced by visual problems in dyslexia

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