Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties

Milk is a valuable contributor to a healthy diet as it contains nutritional components such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorous and vitamins. This research aimed to differentiate milk from animal, plant and human sources based on light propagation and random-laser properties. Expe...

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Autores principales:	Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil, Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail, Irneza Ismail, Juliza Jamaludin, Nur Syaida Hanasil, Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	light absorption fluorescence milk content principal component analysis and random-laser properties Applied optics. Photonics TA1501-1820
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed0d9ba01d444ba4a745adbe8e24f9b1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed0d9ba01d444ba4a745adbe8e24f9b12021-11-25T18:43:15ZAnalysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties10.3390/photonics81104862304-6732https://doaj.org/article/ed0d9ba01d444ba4a745adbe8e24f9b12021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/8/11/486https://doaj.org/toc/2304-6732Milk is a valuable contributor to a healthy diet as it contains nutritional components such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorous and vitamins. This research aimed to differentiate milk from animal, plant and human sources based on light propagation and random-laser properties. Experimental, statistical and theoretical analyses were used. Light propagation in different types of milk such as almond milk, oat milk, soy milk, fresh milk, goat milk and human breast milk was measured using the spectrometry method. Near-IR and visible light transmission through the diluted milk samples were compared. Soy milk and fresh milk have the highest absorbance and fluorescence of light, respectively, due to a high content of fat, protein and carbohydrates. Principal component analysis was used to determine the accuracy of the experimental results. The research method is comprehensive as it covers light propagation from 350 nm to 1650 nm of wavelength range and non-intrusive as it does not affect the sample. Meanwhile, analysis of milk was also conducted based on random-laser properties such as multiple emission peaks and lasing threshold. Higher fat content in milk produces a lower random lasing threshold. Thus, we found that milk from animals, plants and humans can be analyzed using light absorption, fluorescence and random lasers. The research method might be useful for future study of milk contaminants that change the properties of milk.Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad KamilWan Zakiah Wan IsmailIrneza IsmailJuliza JamaludinNur Syaida HanasilRaja Kamarulzaman Raja IbrahimMDPI AGarticlelight absorptionfluorescencemilk contentprincipal component analysis and random-laser propertiesApplied optics. PhotonicsTA1501-1820ENPhotonics, Vol 8, Iss 486, p 486 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	light absorption fluorescence milk content principal component analysis and random-laser properties Applied optics. Photonics TA1501-1820
spellingShingle	light absorption fluorescence milk content principal component analysis and random-laser properties Applied optics. Photonics TA1501-1820 Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Irneza Ismail Juliza Jamaludin Nur Syaida Hanasil Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
description	Milk is a valuable contributor to a healthy diet as it contains nutritional components such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorous and vitamins. This research aimed to differentiate milk from animal, plant and human sources based on light propagation and random-laser properties. Experimental, statistical and theoretical analyses were used. Light propagation in different types of milk such as almond milk, oat milk, soy milk, fresh milk, goat milk and human breast milk was measured using the spectrometry method. Near-IR and visible light transmission through the diluted milk samples were compared. Soy milk and fresh milk have the highest absorbance and fluorescence of light, respectively, due to a high content of fat, protein and carbohydrates. Principal component analysis was used to determine the accuracy of the experimental results. The research method is comprehensive as it covers light propagation from 350 nm to 1650 nm of wavelength range and non-intrusive as it does not affect the sample. Meanwhile, analysis of milk was also conducted based on random-laser properties such as multiple emission peaks and lasing threshold. Higher fat content in milk produces a lower random lasing threshold. Thus, we found that milk from animals, plants and humans can be analyzed using light absorption, fluorescence and random lasers. The research method might be useful for future study of milk contaminants that change the properties of milk.
format	article
author	Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Irneza Ismail Juliza Jamaludin Nur Syaida Hanasil Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim
author_facet	Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Irneza Ismail Juliza Jamaludin Nur Syaida Hanasil Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim
author_sort	Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil
title	Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
title_short	Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
title_full	Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
title_fullStr	Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
title_full_unstemmed	Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
title_sort	analysis of milk from different sources based on light propagation and random laser properties
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed0d9ba01d444ba4a745adbe8e24f9b1
work_keys_str_mv	AT nuraininsyirahmuhamadkamil analysisofmilkfromdifferentsourcesbasedonlightpropagationandrandomlaserproperties AT wanzakiahwanismail analysisofmilkfromdifferentsourcesbasedonlightpropagationandrandomlaserproperties AT irnezaismail analysisofmilkfromdifferentsourcesbasedonlightpropagationandrandomlaserproperties AT julizajamaludin analysisofmilkfromdifferentsourcesbasedonlightpropagationandrandomlaserproperties AT nursyaidahanasil analysisofmilkfromdifferentsourcesbasedonlightpropagationandrandomlaserproperties AT rajakamarulzamanrajaibrahim analysisofmilkfromdifferentsourcesbasedonlightpropagationandrandomlaserproperties
_version_	1718410807948083200

Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties

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