Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of inflammatory and autoimmune origin, which induces sensory and progressive motor impairments, including pain. Cells of the immune system actively participate in the pathogenesis and progression of MS by inducing neuroinflammation, tissue damage, a...

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Autores principales:	Aline C. Giardini, Bianca G. Evangelista, Morena B. Sant’Anna, Barbara B. Martins, Carmen L. P. Lancellotti, Adriano P. Ciena, Marucia Chacur, Rosana L. Pagano, Orlando G. Ribeiro, Vanessa O. Zambelli, Gisele Picolo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	neurodegenerative disease neurodegeneration inflammation IL-17 glial cells Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/f282483231014517b60503237b3b4e99
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:f282483231014517b60503237b3b4e992021-11-25T19:09:11ZCrotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice10.3390/toxins131108272072-6651https://doaj.org/article/f282483231014517b60503237b3b4e992021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/827https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of inflammatory and autoimmune origin, which induces sensory and progressive motor impairments, including pain. Cells of the immune system actively participate in the pathogenesis and progression of MS by inducing neuroinflammation, tissue damage, and demyelination. Crotalphine (CRO), a structural analogue to a peptide firstly identified in <i>Crotalus durissus terrificus</i> snake venom, induces analgesia by endogenous opioid release and type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) activation. Since CB2 activation downregulates neuroinflammation and ameliorates symptoms in mice models of MS, it was presently investigated whether CRO has a beneficial effect in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CRO was administered on the 5th day after immunization, in a single dose, or five doses starting at the peak of disease. CRO partially reverted EAE-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and decreased the severity of the clinical signs. In addition, CRO decreases the inflammatory infiltrate and glial cells activation followed by TNF-α and IL-17 downregulation in the spinal cord. Peripherally, CRO recovers the EAE-induced impairment in myelin thickness in the sciatic nerve. Therefore, CRO interferes with central and peripheral neuroinflammation, opening perspectives to MS control.Aline C. GiardiniBianca G. EvangelistaMorena B. Sant’AnnaBarbara B. MartinsCarmen L. P. LancellottiAdriano P. CienaMarucia ChacurRosana L. PaganoOrlando G. RibeiroVanessa O. ZambelliGisele PicoloMDPI AGarticleneurodegenerative diseaseneurodegenerationinflammationIL-17glial cellsMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 827, p 827 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	neurodegenerative disease neurodegeneration inflammation IL-17 glial cells Medicine R
spellingShingle	neurodegenerative disease neurodegeneration inflammation IL-17 glial cells Medicine R Aline C. Giardini Bianca G. Evangelista Morena B. Sant’Anna Barbara B. Martins Carmen L. P. Lancellotti Adriano P. Ciena Marucia Chacur Rosana L. Pagano Orlando G. Ribeiro Vanessa O. Zambelli Gisele Picolo Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice
description	Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of inflammatory and autoimmune origin, which induces sensory and progressive motor impairments, including pain. Cells of the immune system actively participate in the pathogenesis and progression of MS by inducing neuroinflammation, tissue damage, and demyelination. Crotalphine (CRO), a structural analogue to a peptide firstly identified in <i>Crotalus durissus terrificus</i> snake venom, induces analgesia by endogenous opioid release and type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) activation. Since CB2 activation downregulates neuroinflammation and ameliorates symptoms in mice models of MS, it was presently investigated whether CRO has a beneficial effect in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CRO was administered on the 5th day after immunization, in a single dose, or five doses starting at the peak of disease. CRO partially reverted EAE-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and decreased the severity of the clinical signs. In addition, CRO decreases the inflammatory infiltrate and glial cells activation followed by TNF-α and IL-17 downregulation in the spinal cord. Peripherally, CRO recovers the EAE-induced impairment in myelin thickness in the sciatic nerve. Therefore, CRO interferes with central and peripheral neuroinflammation, opening perspectives to MS control.
format	article
author	Aline C. Giardini Bianca G. Evangelista Morena B. Sant’Anna Barbara B. Martins Carmen L. P. Lancellotti Adriano P. Ciena Marucia Chacur Rosana L. Pagano Orlando G. Ribeiro Vanessa O. Zambelli Gisele Picolo
author_facet	Aline C. Giardini Bianca G. Evangelista Morena B. Sant’Anna Barbara B. Martins Carmen L. P. Lancellotti Adriano P. Ciena Marucia Chacur Rosana L. Pagano Orlando G. Ribeiro Vanessa O. Zambelli Gisele Picolo
author_sort	Aline C. Giardini
title	Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice
title_short	Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice
title_full	Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice
title_fullStr	Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice
title_sort	crotalphine attenuates pain and neuroinflammation induced by experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/f282483231014517b60503237b3b4e99
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Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice

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