Sustainability of emerging energy and transportation technologies is impacted by the coexistence of minerals in nature

Wind power and electric vehicles enhance demand for rare earth element extraction thus indirectly enhancing water use, energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions and impacting their sustainability, according to global dynamic material flow stock simulations.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Ayman Elshkaki
Format: article
Language:EN
Published: Nature Portfolio 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doaj.org/article/f282fa6f458544039baa4b066d5dd633
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