Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.

The attenuation of myxoma virus (MYXV) following its introduction as a biological control into the European rabbit populations of Australia and Europe is the canonical study of the evolution of virulence. However, the evolutionary genetics of this profound change in host-pathogen relationship is unk...

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Autores principales:	Peter J Kerr, Elodie Ghedin, Jay V DePasse, Adam Fitch, Isabella M Cattadori, Peter J Hudson, David C Tscharke, Andrew F Read, Edward C Holmes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fb51e650eda243c48644fc0285afedbc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fb51e650eda243c48644fc0285afedbc2021-11-18T06:06:29ZEvolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1002950https://doaj.org/article/fb51e650eda243c48644fc0285afedbc2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23055928/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374The attenuation of myxoma virus (MYXV) following its introduction as a biological control into the European rabbit populations of Australia and Europe is the canonical study of the evolution of virulence. However, the evolutionary genetics of this profound change in host-pathogen relationship is unknown. We describe the genome-scale evolution of MYXV covering a range of virulence grades sampled over 49 years from the parallel Australian and European epidemics, including the high-virulence progenitor strains released in the early 1950s. MYXV evolved rapidly over the sampling period, exhibiting one of the highest nucleotide substitution rates ever reported for a double-stranded DNA virus, and indicative of a relatively high mutation rate and/or a continually changing selective environment. Our comparative sequence data reveal that changes in virulence involved multiple genes, likely losses of gene function due to insertion-deletion events, and no mutations common to specific virulence grades. Hence, despite the similarity in selection pressures there are multiple genetic routes to attain either highly virulent or attenuated phenotypes in MYXV, resulting in convergence for phenotype but not genotype.Peter J KerrElodie GhedinJay V DePasseAdam FitchIsabella M CattadoriPeter J HudsonDavid C TscharkeAndrew F ReadEdward C HolmesPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 8, Iss 10, p e1002950 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Peter J Kerr Elodie Ghedin Jay V DePasse Adam Fitch Isabella M Cattadori Peter J Hudson David C Tscharke Andrew F Read Edward C Holmes Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
description	The attenuation of myxoma virus (MYXV) following its introduction as a biological control into the European rabbit populations of Australia and Europe is the canonical study of the evolution of virulence. However, the evolutionary genetics of this profound change in host-pathogen relationship is unknown. We describe the genome-scale evolution of MYXV covering a range of virulence grades sampled over 49 years from the parallel Australian and European epidemics, including the high-virulence progenitor strains released in the early 1950s. MYXV evolved rapidly over the sampling period, exhibiting one of the highest nucleotide substitution rates ever reported for a double-stranded DNA virus, and indicative of a relatively high mutation rate and/or a continually changing selective environment. Our comparative sequence data reveal that changes in virulence involved multiple genes, likely losses of gene function due to insertion-deletion events, and no mutations common to specific virulence grades. Hence, despite the similarity in selection pressures there are multiple genetic routes to attain either highly virulent or attenuated phenotypes in MYXV, resulting in convergence for phenotype but not genotype.
format	article
author	Peter J Kerr Elodie Ghedin Jay V DePasse Adam Fitch Isabella M Cattadori Peter J Hudson David C Tscharke Andrew F Read Edward C Holmes
author_facet	Peter J Kerr Elodie Ghedin Jay V DePasse Adam Fitch Isabella M Cattadori Peter J Hudson David C Tscharke Andrew F Read Edward C Holmes
author_sort	Peter J Kerr
title	Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
title_short	Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
title_full	Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
title_fullStr	Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
title_sort	evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/fb51e650eda243c48644fc0285afedbc
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Evolutionary history and attenuation of myxoma virus on two continents.

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