Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

Several clinicopathological features of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) contribute to make an “atypical” cancer, including resistance to chemotherapy, sensitivity to anti-angiogenesis therapy and ICIs despite a low mutational burden, and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration being...

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Autores principales:	Myung-Chul Kim, Zeng Jin, Ryan Kolb, Nicholas Borcherding, Jonathan Alexander Chatzkel, Sara Moscovita Falzarano, Weizhou Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	single-cell RNA sequencing immune landscape cancer immunotherapy clear cell renal cell carcinoma Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fbaf6739b9e74a16a70b4da304890e3a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fbaf6739b9e74a16a70b4da304890e3a2021-11-25T17:04:47ZUpdates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma10.3390/cancers132258562072-6694https://doaj.org/article/fbaf6739b9e74a16a70b4da304890e3a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5856https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Several clinicopathological features of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) contribute to make an “atypical” cancer, including resistance to chemotherapy, sensitivity to anti-angiogenesis therapy and ICIs despite a low mutational burden, and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration being the predictor for poor prognosis–normally CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration is a good prognostic factor in cancer patients. These “atypical” features have brought researchers to investigate the molecular and immunological mechanisms that lead to the increased T cell infiltrates despite relatively low molecular burdens, as well as to decipher the immune landscape that leads to better response to ICIs. In the present study, we summarize the past and ongoing pivotal clinical trials of immunotherapies for ccRCC, emphasizing the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms that lead to the success or failure of ICI therapy. Single-cell analysis of ccRCC has provided a more thorough and detailed understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and has facilitated the discovery of molecular biomarkers from the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We herein will focus on the discussion of some major immune cells, including T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in ccRCC. We will further provide some perspectives of using molecular and cellular biomarkers derived from these immune cell types to potentially improve the response rate to ICIs in ccRCC patients.Myung-Chul KimZeng JinRyan KolbNicholas BorcherdingJonathan Alexander ChatzkelSara Moscovita FalzaranoWeizhou ZhangMDPI AGarticlesingle-cell RNA sequencingimmune landscapecancer immunotherapyclear cell renal cell carcinomaNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5856, p 5856 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	single-cell RNA sequencing immune landscape cancer immunotherapy clear cell renal cell carcinoma Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	single-cell RNA sequencing immune landscape cancer immunotherapy clear cell renal cell carcinoma Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Myung-Chul Kim Zeng Jin Ryan Kolb Nicholas Borcherding Jonathan Alexander Chatzkel Sara Moscovita Falzarano Weizhou Zhang Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
description	Several clinicopathological features of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) contribute to make an “atypical” cancer, including resistance to chemotherapy, sensitivity to anti-angiogenesis therapy and ICIs despite a low mutational burden, and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration being the predictor for poor prognosis–normally CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration is a good prognostic factor in cancer patients. These “atypical” features have brought researchers to investigate the molecular and immunological mechanisms that lead to the increased T cell infiltrates despite relatively low molecular burdens, as well as to decipher the immune landscape that leads to better response to ICIs. In the present study, we summarize the past and ongoing pivotal clinical trials of immunotherapies for ccRCC, emphasizing the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms that lead to the success or failure of ICI therapy. Single-cell analysis of ccRCC has provided a more thorough and detailed understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and has facilitated the discovery of molecular biomarkers from the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We herein will focus on the discussion of some major immune cells, including T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in ccRCC. We will further provide some perspectives of using molecular and cellular biomarkers derived from these immune cell types to potentially improve the response rate to ICIs in ccRCC patients.
format	article
author	Myung-Chul Kim Zeng Jin Ryan Kolb Nicholas Borcherding Jonathan Alexander Chatzkel Sara Moscovita Falzarano Weizhou Zhang
author_facet	Myung-Chul Kim Zeng Jin Ryan Kolb Nicholas Borcherding Jonathan Alexander Chatzkel Sara Moscovita Falzarano Weizhou Zhang
author_sort	Myung-Chul Kim
title	Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
title_short	Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
title_full	Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
title_fullStr	Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed	Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
title_sort	updates on immunotherapy and immune landscape in renal clear cell carcinoma
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fbaf6739b9e74a16a70b4da304890e3a
work_keys_str_mv	AT myungchulkim updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma AT zengjin updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma AT ryankolb updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma AT nicholasborcherding updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma AT jonathanalexanderchatzkel updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma AT saramoscovitafalzarano updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma AT weizhouzhang updatesonimmunotherapyandimmunelandscapeinrenalclearcellcarcinoma
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Updates on Immunotherapy and Immune Landscape in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

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