Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey

Honey is a naturally sweet and viscous fluid produced by honeybees {Apis mellifera) from the néctar of flowers that, by definition, does not include any other substances. The objectives of this work were to characterize Pakistani honey, physically and chemically in relation to international standard...

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Autores principales:	ur-Rehman,Saif, Farooq Khan,Zia, Maqbool,Tahir
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal 2008
Materias:	Acid digestión AAS honey adulteration honey major and minor elements physical properties
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200009
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-162020080002000092008-11-18Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honeyur-Rehman,SaifFarooq Khan,ZiaMaqbool,Tahir Acid digestión AAS honey adulteration honey major and minor elements physical properties Honey is a naturally sweet and viscous fluid produced by honeybees {Apis mellifera) from the néctar of flowers that, by definition, does not include any other substances. The objectives of this work were to characterize Pakistani honey, physically and chemically in relation to international standards, and to study the effects of adulteration with sugar syrup on the physical properties of honey. For this purpose, 200 honey samples obtained from 15 different locations in Pakistán, ranging from desert to hilly áreas, were collected in 2005-2006. Samples were prepared by the acid digestión method. Physical properties, conductance, surface tensión, and pH were determined using digital instruments. The most abundant minerals found in Pakistani honey samples were K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni and Co, with K accounting for almost 83% of the total mineral composition. Most Pakistani honey samples met international standards. However, some samples showed altered parameters, reflecting possible adulteration. A considerable change in viscosity was observed only in adulterated honey samples containing more than 50% of a saturated sugar solution.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería ForestalCiencia e investigación agraria v.35 n.2 20082008-08-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200009en10.4067/S0718-16202008000200009
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Acid digestión AAS honey adulteration honey major and minor elements physical properties
spellingShingle	Acid digestión AAS honey adulteration honey major and minor elements physical properties ur-Rehman,Saif Farooq Khan,Zia Maqbool,Tahir Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
description	Honey is a naturally sweet and viscous fluid produced by honeybees {Apis mellifera) from the néctar of flowers that, by definition, does not include any other substances. The objectives of this work were to characterize Pakistani honey, physically and chemically in relation to international standards, and to study the effects of adulteration with sugar syrup on the physical properties of honey. For this purpose, 200 honey samples obtained from 15 different locations in Pakistán, ranging from desert to hilly áreas, were collected in 2005-2006. Samples were prepared by the acid digestión method. Physical properties, conductance, surface tensión, and pH were determined using digital instruments. The most abundant minerals found in Pakistani honey samples were K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni and Co, with K accounting for almost 83% of the total mineral composition. Most Pakistani honey samples met international standards. However, some samples showed altered parameters, reflecting possible adulteration. A considerable change in viscosity was observed only in adulterated honey samples containing more than 50% of a saturated sugar solution.
author	ur-Rehman,Saif Farooq Khan,Zia Maqbool,Tahir
author_facet	ur-Rehman,Saif Farooq Khan,Zia Maqbool,Tahir
author_sort	ur-Rehman,Saif
title	Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
title_short	Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
title_full	Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
title_fullStr	Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
title_full_unstemmed	Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey
title_sort	physical and spectroscopic characterization of pakistani honey
publisher	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
publishDate	2008
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202008000200009
work_keys_str_mv	AT urrehmansaif physicalandspectroscopiccharacterizationofpakistanihoney AT farooqkhanzia physicalandspectroscopiccharacterizationofpakistanihoney AT maqbooltahir physicalandspectroscopiccharacterizationofpakistanihoney
_version_	1714202111858704384

Physical and spectroscopic characterization of Pakistani honey

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