Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose

Background: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been i...

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Autores principales:	Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes, Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara, Laure Poquet, Karine Redeuil, Martin Kussmann, Irma Silva-Zolezzi, Elizabeth M. Tejero
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	healthy adults cocoa polyphenols epicatechin epicatechin metabolites quantification Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/28a8ce19d80a495d91779e25524d457b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:28a8ce19d80a495d91779e25524d457b2021-11-25T18:34:30ZCirculating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose10.3390/nu131138292072-6643https://doaj.org/article/28a8ce19d80a495d91779e25524d457b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3829https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Background: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been investigated. Methods: A randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial in healthy young adults (18–40 year) was conducted to evaluate SREMs after consumption of a single-dose and after daily consumption of 1.3 g of polyphenol-rich cocoa powder for 28 days. The circulating SREMs were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results: Twenty subjects (eleven males and nine females) were enrolled. The SREMs concentrations increased to 1741 ± 337 nM after a single-dose and to 1445 ± 270 nM after sustained supplementation. Sulfate conjugates showed higher levels in females (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The epicatechin-3′-glucuronide (E3′G) and epicatechin-3′-sulfate (E3′S) were the most abundant metabolites in all subjects. A high intra-individual correlation (r = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001) between SREMs concentrations after single-dose and sustained supplementation was observed. The antioxidant capacity of plasma did not change in response to the intervention and was not correlated with any of the SREMs. Conclusion: The individual SREMs profile and concentrations after a 28-day supplementation are comparable to those after a single dose.Paloma K. Barrera-ReyesJosué Cortés-Fernández de LaraLaure PoquetKarine RedeuilMartin KussmannIrma Silva-ZolezziElizabeth M. TejeroMDPI AGarticlehealthy adultscocoapolyphenolsepicatechinepicatechin metabolitesquantificationNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3829, p 3829 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	healthy adults cocoa polyphenols epicatechin epicatechin metabolites quantification Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	healthy adults cocoa polyphenols epicatechin epicatechin metabolites quantification Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara Laure Poquet Karine Redeuil Martin Kussmann Irma Silva-Zolezzi Elizabeth M. Tejero Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
description	Background: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been investigated. Methods: A randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial in healthy young adults (18–40 year) was conducted to evaluate SREMs after consumption of a single-dose and after daily consumption of 1.3 g of polyphenol-rich cocoa powder for 28 days. The circulating SREMs were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results: Twenty subjects (eleven males and nine females) were enrolled. The SREMs concentrations increased to 1741 ± 337 nM after a single-dose and to 1445 ± 270 nM after sustained supplementation. Sulfate conjugates showed higher levels in females (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The epicatechin-3′-glucuronide (E3′G) and epicatechin-3′-sulfate (E3′S) were the most abundant metabolites in all subjects. A high intra-individual correlation (r = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001) between SREMs concentrations after single-dose and sustained supplementation was observed. The antioxidant capacity of plasma did not change in response to the intervention and was not correlated with any of the SREMs. Conclusion: The individual SREMs profile and concentrations after a 28-day supplementation are comparable to those after a single dose.
format	article
author	Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara Laure Poquet Karine Redeuil Martin Kussmann Irma Silva-Zolezzi Elizabeth M. Tejero
author_facet	Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara Laure Poquet Karine Redeuil Martin Kussmann Irma Silva-Zolezzi Elizabeth M. Tejero
author_sort	Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes
title	Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
title_short	Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
title_full	Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
title_fullStr	Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
title_full_unstemmed	Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
title_sort	circulating structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolite species and levels after sustained intake of a cocoa powder high in polyphenols are comparable to those achieved after a single dose
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/28a8ce19d80a495d91779e25524d457b
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Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose

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