Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein

ABSTRACT An accurate diagnostic test for early severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the key weapon to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We previously reported that the SARS-CoV-2 genome contains a unique orf8 accessory gene absent from oth...

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Autores principales:	Xiaohui Wang, Joy-Yan Lam, Wan-Man Wong, Chun-Kit Yuen, Jian-Piao Cai, Shannon Wing-Ngor Au, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Kelvin K. W. To, Kin-Hang Kok, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	COVID-19 diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/efb17c320812470e85875644b9bc5c4e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:efb17c320812470e85875644b9bc5c4e2021-11-15T16:19:09ZAccurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein10.1128/mBio.02431-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/efb17c320812470e85875644b9bc5c4e2020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02431-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT An accurate diagnostic test for early severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the key weapon to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We previously reported that the SARS-CoV-2 genome contains a unique orf8 accessory gene absent from other human-pathogenic coronaviruses. Here, we characterized the SARS-CoV-2 orf8 as a novel immunogenic secreted protein and utilized it for the accurate diagnosis of COVID-19. Extracellular orf8 protein was detected in cell culture supernatant and in sera of COVID-19 patients. In addition, orf8 was found highly immunogenic in COVID-19 patients, who showed early seropositivity for anti-orf8 IgM, IgG, and IgA. We hypothesize that orf8 secretion during SARS-CoV-2 infection facilitates early mounting of B cell response. The serological test detecting anti-orf8 IgG antibody can be used for the early and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19. IMPORTANCE Current commercially available serological tests for COVID-19 patients are detecting antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike glycoprotein. The antinucleoprotein and antispike antibodies can be accurately detected in patients during the mid or late stage of infection, and therefore, these assays have not been widely used for early diagnosis of COVID-19. In this study, we characterized the secretory property of a SARS-CoV-2 orf8 protein and proposed that orf8 secretion during infection facilitates early mounting of the B cell response. We demonstrated the presence of anti-orf8 antibodies in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients during the early stage of infection, while the anti-N antibody is not detected. Our serological test detecting anti-orf8 antibodies may facilitate the development of early and accurate diagnosis for COVID-19.Xiaohui WangJoy-Yan LamWan-Man WongChun-Kit YuenJian-Piao CaiShannon Wing-Ngor AuJasper Fuk-Woo ChanKelvin K. W. ToKin-Hang KokKwok-Yung YuenAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleCOVID-19diagnosisSARS-CoV-2orf8MicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 5 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	COVID-19 diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Microbiology QR1-502 Xiaohui Wang Joy-Yan Lam Wan-Man Wong Chun-Kit Yuen Jian-Piao Cai Shannon Wing-Ngor Au Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kelvin K. W. To Kin-Hang Kok Kwok-Yung Yuen Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein
description	ABSTRACT An accurate diagnostic test for early severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the key weapon to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We previously reported that the SARS-CoV-2 genome contains a unique orf8 accessory gene absent from other human-pathogenic coronaviruses. Here, we characterized the SARS-CoV-2 orf8 as a novel immunogenic secreted protein and utilized it for the accurate diagnosis of COVID-19. Extracellular orf8 protein was detected in cell culture supernatant and in sera of COVID-19 patients. In addition, orf8 was found highly immunogenic in COVID-19 patients, who showed early seropositivity for anti-orf8 IgM, IgG, and IgA. We hypothesize that orf8 secretion during SARS-CoV-2 infection facilitates early mounting of B cell response. The serological test detecting anti-orf8 IgG antibody can be used for the early and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19. IMPORTANCE Current commercially available serological tests for COVID-19 patients are detecting antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike glycoprotein. The antinucleoprotein and antispike antibodies can be accurately detected in patients during the mid or late stage of infection, and therefore, these assays have not been widely used for early diagnosis of COVID-19. In this study, we characterized the secretory property of a SARS-CoV-2 orf8 protein and proposed that orf8 secretion during infection facilitates early mounting of the B cell response. We demonstrated the presence of anti-orf8 antibodies in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients during the early stage of infection, while the anti-N antibody is not detected. Our serological test detecting anti-orf8 antibodies may facilitate the development of early and accurate diagnosis for COVID-19.
format	article
author	Xiaohui Wang Joy-Yan Lam Wan-Man Wong Chun-Kit Yuen Jian-Piao Cai Shannon Wing-Ngor Au Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kelvin K. W. To Kin-Hang Kok Kwok-Yung Yuen
author_facet	Xiaohui Wang Joy-Yan Lam Wan-Man Wong Chun-Kit Yuen Jian-Piao Cai Shannon Wing-Ngor Au Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kelvin K. W. To Kin-Hang Kok Kwok-Yung Yuen
author_sort	Xiaohui Wang
title	Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein
title_short	Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein
title_full	Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein
title_fullStr	Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein
title_full_unstemmed	Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein
title_sort	accurate diagnosis of covid-19 by a novel immunogenic secreted sars-cov-2 orf8 protein
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/efb17c320812470e85875644b9bc5c4e
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Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 by a Novel Immunogenic Secreted SARS-CoV-2 orf8 Protein

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