Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry

Worldwide, the food industry generates a large number of by-products from a wide variety of sources. These by-products represent an interesting and economical source of added value components with potential functionalities and/or bioactivities, which might be explored for industrial purposes, encour...

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Autores principales:	Rui Ferreira, Sílvia Lourenço, André Lopes, Carlos Andrade, José S. Câmara, Paula Castilho, Rosa Perestrelo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	agri-food by-products fatty acids GC–FID FTIR functional quality Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/42a29f1b45e6496dbc204421a3b87553
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:42a29f1b45e6496dbc204421a3b875532021-11-25T17:36:39ZEvaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry10.3390/foods101128672304-8158https://doaj.org/article/42a29f1b45e6496dbc204421a3b875532021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2867https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Worldwide, the food industry generates a large number of by-products from a wide variety of sources. These by-products represent an interesting and economical source of added value components with potential functionalities and/or bioactivities, which might be explored for industrial purposes, encouraging and promoting the circular economy concept. In this context, the current work aimed to evaluate the fatty acids (FAs) profile using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), as well as the determination of related health lipid indices (e.g., atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic (TI)) as a powerful strategy to investigate the potential applications of different agri-food by-products for human nutrition and animal feeding. This work results showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the predominant group in grape pomace (72.7%), grape bunches (54.3%), and brewer’s spent grain (BSG, 59.0%), whereas carrot peels are dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, 47.3%), and grape stems (46.2%), lees (from 50.8 to 74.1%), and potato peels (77.2%) by saturated fatty acids (SFAs). These findings represent a scientific basis for exploring the nutritional properties of agri-food by-products. Special attention should be given to grape pomace, grape bunches, and BSG since they have a high content of PUFAs (from 54.3 to 72.7%) and lower AI (from 0.11 to 0.38) and TI (from 0.30 to 0.56) indexes, suggesting their potential to provide a variety of health benefits against cardiovascular diseases including well-established hypotriglyceridemia and anti-inflammatory effects, products to which they are added.Rui FerreiraSílvia LourençoAndré LopesCarlos AndradeJosé S. CâmaraPaula CastilhoRosa PerestreloMDPI AGarticleagri-food by-productsfatty acidsGC–FIDFTIRfunctional qualityChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2867, p 2867 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	agri-food by-products fatty acids GC–FID FTIR functional quality Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	agri-food by-products fatty acids GC–FID FTIR functional quality Chemical technology TP1-1185 Rui Ferreira Sílvia Lourenço André Lopes Carlos Andrade José S. Câmara Paula Castilho Rosa Perestrelo Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry
description	Worldwide, the food industry generates a large number of by-products from a wide variety of sources. These by-products represent an interesting and economical source of added value components with potential functionalities and/or bioactivities, which might be explored for industrial purposes, encouraging and promoting the circular economy concept. In this context, the current work aimed to evaluate the fatty acids (FAs) profile using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), as well as the determination of related health lipid indices (e.g., atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic (TI)) as a powerful strategy to investigate the potential applications of different agri-food by-products for human nutrition and animal feeding. This work results showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the predominant group in grape pomace (72.7%), grape bunches (54.3%), and brewer’s spent grain (BSG, 59.0%), whereas carrot peels are dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, 47.3%), and grape stems (46.2%), lees (from 50.8 to 74.1%), and potato peels (77.2%) by saturated fatty acids (SFAs). These findings represent a scientific basis for exploring the nutritional properties of agri-food by-products. Special attention should be given to grape pomace, grape bunches, and BSG since they have a high content of PUFAs (from 54.3 to 72.7%) and lower AI (from 0.11 to 0.38) and TI (from 0.30 to 0.56) indexes, suggesting their potential to provide a variety of health benefits against cardiovascular diseases including well-established hypotriglyceridemia and anti-inflammatory effects, products to which they are added.
format	article
author	Rui Ferreira Sílvia Lourenço André Lopes Carlos Andrade José S. Câmara Paula Castilho Rosa Perestrelo
author_facet	Rui Ferreira Sílvia Lourenço André Lopes Carlos Andrade José S. Câmara Paula Castilho Rosa Perestrelo
author_sort	Rui Ferreira
title	Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry
title_short	Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry
title_full	Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry
title_sort	evaluation of fatty acids profile as a useful tool towards valorization of by-products of agri-food industry
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/42a29f1b45e6496dbc204421a3b87553
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Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile as a Useful Tool towards Valorization of By-Products of Agri-Food Industry

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